Transcript NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA 中 华 人 民 共 和 国 国 家 统 计 局 UNPAID HOUSEWORK: WOMEN BURDEN MORE Liu Wei National Bureau of Statistics, China ESA/STAT/AC.219/29 Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines,

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
UNPAID HOUSEWORK:
WOMEN BURDEN MORE
Liu Wei
National Bureau of Statistics, China
ESA/STAT/AC.219/29
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
I. TIME-USE SURVEY IN CHINA, 2008
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
A time use survey was carried out by NBS in May
2008, There were 37142 interviewees aged 15-74
years old from 10 provinces. Among which were
19621 urban residents and 17521 rural residents,
18927 female and 18215 male.
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
I. TIME-USE SURVEY IN CHINA, 2008
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
The Diary
Open diary with intervals of 10 minutes was adopted in
the survey. The items included:
• main activity
• secondary activity
• location (the means of transportation if in transit)
• with whom when the activity starts
Every respondent was asked to fill in two diaries, one for
weekday, and one for weekend day.
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
I. TIME-USE SURVEY IN CHINA, 2008
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
The Classification of Activities
The activity classification for time use in this survey:
9 categories, 61 groups and 113 classes
The 9 categories are:
0- Personal activity
1- Formal employment
2- Household primary work
3- Household manufacture and construction work
4- Household service Caring
5- Household
domestic
workinto:
for families
is divided
6- Caring for families and volunteer
61- Careactivity
for Children
7- Study
8- 62Social
lifeforand
leisure
Care
Adults
. time
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
I. TIME-USE SURVEY IN CHINA, 2008
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Output
Three indicators are used for measuring main activities:
Average time
Participation rate
Average time of participants
All indicators are provided by gender
Other characteristics are: age, marriage, occupation,
education, income and urban/rural
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
I. TIME-USE SURVEY IN CHINA, 2008
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Output
• Main activity: the records of main activity are
complete. The result shows that the average time of
no activity (no code or no record of activity) are
less than 1 minute per diary.
• Secondary activity: the records of secondary
activity are incomplete. Many records were filled
with only beginning time, but no ending time.
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Responsibility by Gender
In China, women take on most housework.
Average time of housework:
Women:
4 hours (234 minutes)
Men: 1.5 hours (91 minutes)
Sources: 2008 time use survey in China
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Responsibility by Gender
Average Time of Housework ( minute )
Main Activity
Total
Total
Male
Female
164
91
234
Cooking
66
30
101
Child-care
21
11
31
of which:
male = 1
Total
2.6
Cooking
3.4
Child-care
2.8
Sources: 2008 time use survey in China
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Responsibility by Gender
Female participation of child-care
Participation rate: 22 %,
The average time of female participants: 137 minutes.
Sources: 2008 time use survey in China
More than 1/5 of women engaged in child-care,
and on average they spent more than 2 hours
on it per day.
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
Responsibility by Gender
The Average Time Use by Distance between Home and Work Place
Minute
140
120
Does this
result
means that
the time
spent on
child-care is
rigid?
Cooking
Child-care
100
80
60
40
20
0
M
F
home
M
F
< 1km
M
F
1-3km
M
F
3-5km
M
F
5-10km
M
F
>10km
Sources: 2008 time use survey in China
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
Global Forum on
150
100
40
45
50
55
60
65
70-74
35
65-69
30
60-64
25
55-59
20
50-54
15
45-49
0
40-44
50
35-39
• Women spent
more time on
child-care than
men do.
照顾未成年家人
做饭
购物
洗衣
打扫住所
200
30-34
• Two segments
and two peaks,
both for women
and for men
250
25-29
Time on taking
care of child
女
20-24
Responsibility
by Age
15-19
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
分钟
300
70 年龄
0
50
100
150
分钟
Gender
男
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Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
女
65
70-74
60
65-69
55
60-64
50
55-59
45
50-54
40
45-49
35
40-44
30
35-39
25
30-34
20
25-29
照顾未成年家人
做饭
购物
洗衣
打扫住所
20-24
Responsibility by Age 300分钟
Practice in China:
250
• Women usually give their
200
first birth around 25 years
150
old
100
• Husband is normally 50
couple of years older than
0
15
his wife
• The age of retire for 0
women is 50-55, for men50 is
55-60
100
15-19
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
70 年龄
男
150 result be explained by the practices?
Can the
分钟
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
II. TIME USE: WHO TAKE ON THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF CARE
Responsibility, Secondary Activity
Child-care as Secondary Activity
Total
F
M
8114
6026
2088
25-34
74
22
35-44
29
14
55-64
27
14
Total Records
Records /per 100 Diary by
Age Group
Sources: 2008 time use survey in China
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
III. A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON DIARY
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
• With whom
• For whom
• Taking adult-care
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
中
华
人
民
共
和
国
国
家
统
计
局
THANKS FOR
YOUR ATTENTION!
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Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila, Philippines, 11-13 October, 2010