Transcript Design for Engineering Unit 2 Engineering Design and Problem Solving Annette Beattie April 10, 2006 Engineering Design ETP 2006 – Annette Beattie This material is based.

Design for Engineering
Unit 2 Engineering Design and Problem Solving
Annette Beattie
April 10, 2006
Engineering Design
ETP 2006 – Annette Beattie
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 0402616. Any opinions, findings and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science
Foundation (NSF).
Engineering Concepts
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Engineers are problem solvers
Solving problems for humanity
Use math, science, tools &
materials
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Some say, “Design without math and
science is tinkering.” Is tinkering OK?
Use the engineering design process
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Concepts
Communicating ideas
 Interpersonal skills
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Teamwork
 Group skills
 Dialog persuasiveness
 Attitude
 Work ethic
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Concepts
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Coping with change
Technological literacy
Brainstorming abilities
Appropriate technology
How technology and engineering
affect the environment
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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Design is the planned process of
change
To end up with an intentional result
Minimize trade-offs and control risk
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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1. Identify the problem
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This appears to be simple but taking
the time to find the root problem is
extremely important.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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2. Define or “refine” the problem
Investigate to find out more info about
the problem
 A team effort is required
 Clarify with a design brief
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This describes the limitations and
requirements for the solution
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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3. Gather information
Don’t reinvent the wheel
 Find out what research has already
been done
 The internet is a great place to start
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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4. Develop alternate solutions
Critical step - first ideas are rarely best
 Brainstorming should be used
 No solution should be ignored at this
step
 The more ideas, the more probability
of success
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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5. Select and refine the best
solution
The design proposal
 An evaluation process from the design
brief could be used
 Document your decision
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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6. Express the design solution
Through a sketch or drawing
 Verbal expression
 Text
 Mathematics equation
 3D modeling on CAD
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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7. Build a model or prototype of the
solution
This may contain the most
technological problems.
 Experiment with materials and
techniques
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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8. Evaluate, revise, and refine the
solution
Analyze the solution for effectiveness
in solving the original problem.
 Run a performance test
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
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9. Communicate the solution
Ideas need to be “sold” to the client
 Presentation must include prototypes,
models, or other form.
 The designer must know the design
and subject matter
 Upon approval, the idea can be
manufactured
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(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Technology
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How people modify the natural
world to:
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Suit their own purposes
Satisfy their perceived needs and wants
If you took away all technology, you
would be standing naked in a
meadow or forest
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Technological Literacy
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Understanding our world
Ability to use, manage, assess and
understand technology
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
vs. Technological Literacy
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Since Edison and the Wright
Brothers, the engineering design
process has shaped our world more
than any other single process.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
vs. Technological Literacy
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The better we understand this
process, the better we understand
our world. (technological literacy)
This better prepares us to live and
prosper
Our democracy works better
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
vs. Technological Literacy
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Democracy only works with
informed citizenry
Citizenry cannot be informed and
ignorant of technology at the same
time
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Engineering Design Process
vs. Technological Literacy
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By understanding the engineering
profession, we better understand
the world
We can also make an informed
choice about engineering as a
career
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Standards
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Standard 1: Students will develop an
understanding of the characteristics and
scope of technology.
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Benchmark L. Inventions and innovations are
the results of specific, goal-directed research.
Standard 4: Students will develop an
understanding of the cultural, social,
economic, and political effects of
technology.
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Benchmark I. Making decisions about the use
of technology involves weighing the trade-offs
between the positive and negative effects.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Standards
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Standard 8: Students will develop an
understanding of the attributes of design.
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Benchmark H.The design process includes defining a
problem, brainstorming, researching and generating
ideas, identifying criteria and specifying constraints,
exploring possibilities, selecting an approach,
developing a design proposal, making a model or
prototype, testing and evaluating the design using
specifications, refining the design, creating or making it,
and communicating processes and results.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Standards
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Standard 9: Students will develop an
understanding of engineering design.
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Benchmark L. The process of engineering
design takes into account a number of
factors.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)
Sources
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Valley City State University, Design
for Engineering, Unit #2 Engineering
Design and Problem Solving
Reading Assignment. 2006.
(VCSU Unit #2, 2006)