Transcript Diversity and change, national and local our experience of using the 2011 census results Ludi Simpson Cathie Marsh Centre for Census and Survey Research (CCSR) University.

Diversity and change,
national and local
our experience of using the 2011
census results
Ludi Simpson
Cathie Marsh Centre for Census and Survey Research (CCSR)
University of Manchester
[email protected];
ONS census analysis day
Manchester, July 18th 2013
My involvement with
the Census
www.ethnicity.ac.uk
2011 Census – the best yet
Census Briefings
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How has ethnic diversity grown?
More segregation or more mixing?
Does Britain have plural cities?
How can we count immigration and integration?
Has neighbourhood ethnic segregation
decreased?
• Who feels British? National identity
• Available at http://www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census/
• Funded by CoDE and JRF
Twitter: @EthnicityUK
1991 (9 categories)
2001 (5 headings, 16 categories)
2011 (5 headings, 18 categories)
White
White: British
White: British
Caribbean
White: Irish
White: Irish
African
White: Other
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller
Other Black
Mixed: White-Caribbean
White: Other
Indian
Mixed: White-African
Mixed: White-Caribbean
Pakistani
Mixed: White-Asian
Mixed: White-African
Bangladeshi
Mixed: Other
Mixed: White-Asian
Chinese
Asian: Indian
Mixed: Other
Other
Asian: Pakistani
Asian: Indian
Asian: Bangladeshi
Asian: Pakistani
Asian: Other
Asian: Bangladeshi
Black: Caribbean
Asian: Chinese
Black: African
Asian: Other
Black: Other
Black: Caribbean
Chinese or other: Chinese
Black: African
Chinese or other: Other
Black: Other
Other: Arab
Other: Other
Growth of ethnic minorities in
England and Wales, 1991-2011
Increased ethnic diversity in
England & Wales, 1991-2011
Extreme diversity
in England & Wales, 2011
Area profiler
www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census
Geographical spreading of
ethnic minorities
Immigration
Growth of
minority
populations
Movement
to the
suburbs
Diverse area grows
from immigration and
from age momentum
Young adults
to inner city
areas
City boundary
Migration from
city suburbs and
to more rural
areas , of White
and minorities
Consequences: Lower %White in ethnically diverse areas
White flight nor Self-segregation
Decreased urban segregation
Growth of multiple ethnic group
households
Who feels British? Not the White
British! National Identity in England
Those not
feeling
‘UK’ are
likely to
be mostly
recent
migrants
Some of the older Irish
population has emigrated
Age
at
2011
Contrasting measures of
‘minorities’
Forthcoming Briefings:
www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census
Dynamic of Diversity: Evidence from the 2011 Census
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Employment inequalities
Occupational class
Educational attainment
Health inequalities
Housing disadvantage and overcrowding
Household composition
Caring
Unemployment inequalities have
decreased and are still large
Aged 25-49, unemployment
Make use of census evidence
• Language – most highly prioritised by
refugees for integration
– English language need is not only for recent
immigrants
• The census allows tailoring services and
solutions, enabling local provision to
respond to local needs
– Diversity in cities and outside cities
– From cradle to grave
BUT ...
these valuable small area data are under
threat...
• Evidence for briefings like these cannot be
produced without data for small areas.
• The ONS Beyond 2011 programme will
consult from September 2013 on alternatives
to the census.
• If a case is not made to retain production of
small area statistics, the alternatives to the
census will not include them.
Access to Census analysis
• ONS ‘What the Census tells us’
– http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guidemethod/census/analysis/index.html
• Local authority sites for their areas
– http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200088/st
atistics_and_census/438/public_intelligence/5
• University of Manchester census ‘ethnicity
and diversity briefings’, area profiles (LAs)
– www.ethnicity.ac.uk/census
• A growing number of other sites
The best access route to Census
data depends on the user
• One-off needs
– ONS Neighbourhood Statistics
– Local authority systems
• Bulk data, for analysts and providers of
data to other users
– NOMIS / SASPAC / InFuse
– ONS
• http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guidemethod/census/2011/census-data/2011-census-datacatalogue/census-data-quick-view/index.html
What I’d like
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To say thank you to ONS, NRS, NISRA
Ethnic group in 18 categories, always
Local authorities, as high priority
Stop saying migration when you mean
immigration
• API (summer has started)
• Cell numbers in each table
• Even more stress on possible
comparisons with 2001