LAMA Institute

Lorcan Dempsey 14-16 November 2002

Becoming digital

Becoming digital

• The data map: what sorts of resources are we supporting • The 'recombinant' library: modular library services for more flexibility • Emerging emphases – Portal – Digital collections – Engagement with research and learning

Becoming digital …

• A shared network space – Resources and users – Organization, services and users

Grid .. resources and users

Books Journals Newspapers Albums Maps Scores Special collections Rare books Local/Historical newspapers Local history materials Archives & manuscripts Theses & dissertations high stewardship low Freely-accessible web resources Open source software Newsgroup archives Institutional repositories •ePrints •Learning objects/materials •Research data

Books and journals and …

• Rich apparatus for discovery, acquisition, management is under pressure • Multiple electronic resources – Catalogs – A&I databases – Journals – … • For the library – A headache – Improve service – Realize value of investment – Squeeze cost out of processing – Automate supply chain – Manage rights/licenses • For the user – Ranganathan!

– What is available?

– Enhance research and learning experience

Special collections …

• Make rich cultural resources available in new ways • For the library – Resourcing – A major learning experience – No routine – Selection – Presentation – Fragmented • For the user – What is useful for research, learning, personal fulfilment?

– Can materials be re-used

Research and learning …

• Supporting the creation, management, use and disclosure of institutional learning and research resources • Learning – Courseware – E-reserves – Reading lists • Research – E-prints – Data – Scholarly communication • What is the library role?

• The ‘diffuse library’ (Wendy Lougee)

Freely available web resources …

• If it is not on the web, does it exist?

• For the library – What is the role?

– Major redundant effort – links – Align with other resources • For the user – The google experience – The library promise

Above and below the line …

• Below the line – Discovery?

• Shining a light on hidden resources – Preservation?

• The long term costs of digital ownership – The digital library

A unified experience

• Above the line – Commodified?

– Streamlined

The example of metadata

Books Journals

MARC, Onix

high stewardship low

Dublin Core

Freely-accessible web resources Special collections

MARC, METS, EAD, DC, TEI DC, DDI, IEEE/LOM, FGDC, EAD, TEI, SCORM

Research and learning materials

Trends

Disclosure, Licensing Scholarly communication stewardship high low stewardship high low stewardship high low

The google factor

“Special collections”

Organization, service and users

• Library services in a shared network space

The recombinant library

PDAs learning management systems course material text book new scholarly resources lab books ‘portal framework’ exhibitions

user environments resource environment

shared cataloging, ILL licensed collections archiving

library

virtual reference Content aggregation

Recombinant organization

• Existing – Shared cataloguing – Resource sharing – Access to journal literature • Emerging – Tiered catalog access – Archiving – Collection mapping – Collaborative collection assessment, consolidation, development – Resolution – streamlining access to the commodity literature – Virtual reference – Harvesting

Issues

• The value of interoperability • Interoperability is “recombinant potential” – Add a database to a search – Add a document to a repository – Fuse metadata from one repository with another – Switch provider of data or system or service – Add new service channels • The quest for organizational structures and new institutional arrangements • The need to understand the experience of the user

Where we are going …

Portals and federation Looking forward: engagement with research and learning

Portal

The recombinant library

PDAs learning management systems course material text book new scholarly resources lab books ‘portal framework’ exhibitions

user environments resource environment

shared cataloging, ILL licensed collections archiving

library

virtual reference Content aggregation

Library portal

How the library mediates the engagement of users and resources in a network environment “All vogue words tend to share a similar fate: the more experiences they pretend to make transparent, the more they themselves become opaque. ” Zygmunt Bauman

Library portal - the problem

Institutional repository Resource 2 Commercial resource Resource 4 Community repository • End user needs to – Know what is available – Learn multiple interfaces – Manually fuse results

Library portal approach …

Resources Provide intermediate layers between user and resources.

Manage multiple collections.

Mediation Hide difference of underlying resources.

Federate and fuse.

Presentation Map onto user interests, maybe with personalization or community features.

A portal grid!

Still Dynamic Mediation/ Presentation (thick) Presentation (thin)

Institutional repository Commercial resource Community repository Resource 2 Resource 4 Record fusion & enrichment Configuration Rights managemen t Terminology services Resolution Identity management Annotation Request Delivery Harvesting data V. Ref Distributed query Syndication Notification Presentation

Resources Resources Resources Resources Mediation Utility services Portal application Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation

Directory services Institutions Collections Services Policies Rights Resolution services Terminology services Identity services Authentication Authorization Resour ces Resour Resour ces Resour ces Query; Harvest; Request; reference Present Present ation Present ation Present ation

Presentation

• A portal will have its own user interface • It may also appear as a “channel” in another presentation layer – A “portlet” in a portal framework • Web services – SOAP, …

Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Presentation Library portal Game, simulation, quiz, … Digital lab-book Exhibition Learning management system A search box Enterprise portal framework Personal or group ‘portfolio’

Some central technologies

• Z39.50

– SRU/SRW • Open Archives Initiative • OpenURL

OAI-based mediation

OAI Server#1 DC & EAD OAI Server#2 DC & MARC DC MARC OAI Server#3 DC & VRA OAI Harvester DC/MARC Union Catalog HTML DC Web Browser

Data map again

Z39.50 and OpenURL

A mixed economy

Emerging interest in harvesting

University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Library - Champaign, IL $499,440

2002 National Leadership Grants for Libraries - Research & Demonstration In this three-year research project, the Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will create a collection-level registry of digital collections created with IMLS funding from 1998 to 2005 and will research, design and implement a prototype item-level metadata repository service based on the Open Archives Initiative Metadata Harvesting Protocol.

Some aims

• Wrap a collection of resources in a web environment which: – Saves time for research, learning and personal fulfillment – Surfaces potentially valuable resources which otherwise might be overlooked in the trees – Allows users and library to focus on collections rather than mechanics of interaction • Will increasingly need to interact with other environments – Learning management, institutional portal frameworks, … • “Library portal” transitional

The engagement with research and learning

A whirlwind tour …

• The institutional “portal framework” • Folding information into the learning environment • Curatorial attention to research and learning resources

Dynamic presentation

Interacting with enterprise

• Enterprise view – Portal envy – Portal wars – Proliferation of portals – YAP (yet another portal) • No resource is single focus of a users’ attention • Interaction with other institutional services (authentication) • A channel in a wider framework

“Creative knowledge you can put in your pocket”

Library?

learning

… it is likely that a large part of the student and teacher experience will be managed within a systems framework which manages the learning life-cycle and interfaces to multiple systems and services.

Neil Mclean, pro-vice Chancellor e-learning and information services, Macquarrie University

Perhaps the core lesson for librarians from the quiet revolution in teaching and learning in academe is the awareness that most academic libraries are not

ends in themselves

, but rather a

means to enhancing teaching and learning

. From this perspective, all future changes in library goals and objectives, budget and staffing, strategies and directions, must be in synch with the university and driven by the values and visions of the campus for teaching and learning. ....

To be successful in the future, however, librarians must partner with academic departments and classroom faculty in ever new and creative ways as we plan and deliver these library services to the University community. Brad Baker, NE Illinois U

Learning

• Some specifics – Reading lists – eReserves – Exam papers – Subscription resources – Virtual reference – YAP?

– Interaction between library systems and learning management systems • Some general – Which library resources are most relevant to teaching?

– Organizational frameworks for collaboration?

– Long term role curatorial role? – Metadata and repositories

Biomedical informatics

Source: http://medicine.osu.edu/informatics/

Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD) Motion Capture Lab Source: http://www.accad.ohio-state.edu/mocap/mocap_info.htm

Olentangy River Wetland Research Park Source: http://swamp.ag.ohio-state.edu/ichart/index.html

components of CI-enabled science & engineering

Humans Individual & Group Interfaces & Visualization Collaboration Services High-performance computing for modeling, simulation, data processing/mining Global Connectivity

Atkins cyberinfrastructure report for NSF

Instruments for observation and characterization.

Physical World Facilities for activation, manipulation and construction Knowledge management institutions for collection building and curation of data, information, literature, digital objects

Atkins report

Knowledge bank – OSU – in planning

April 26 2002. A proposal for the development of an OSU knowledge bank

Institutional repository – curating institutional intellectual assets

• Reputation management – Interesting interaction between • Devolved scholarly authority to contribute to discipline • Managed university approach to asset and reputation management • Curatorial responsibility to the ‘intellectual record’ • Enrich the discourse of scholarly communication – Surface rich resources – New opportunities for access, analysis, re-use

General repository issues

• Long term ownership costs unknown • “Mission critical liabilities” • Balance between scholarly needs and management needs – Actuarial perspective – ‘Ingestible’ – Secure the value of investment

Research and learning

• Research and learning behavior is increasingly entering the network space – Library resources need to be available at the appropriate stage within the learning or research environment – Research and learning outputs require curatorial attention – New forms of engagement and support.

• The impact of technology on libraries is no less important than the impact of technology on the behaviours of our users. What is very important is how we adapt to support those changes.