Transcript HWTS and WSP policy landscape for Cambodia Presented by Dr. Mao Saray Director, Department of Rural Water Supply, Ministry of Rural Development 10 November 2014

HWTS and WSP
policy landscape
for Cambodia
Presented by Dr. Mao Saray
Director, Department of Rural Water Supply,
Ministry of Rural Development
10 November 2014
Cambodia
• 14 million people
• 81% rural
• GDP per capita =
$805 USD (2010)
• Under 5 mortality rate
= 54 per 1,000 live
births
• 15% children < 5 had
diarrhoea
Source: Demographic Health Survey 2010
Problem Statement
Year Round
Evolution of total Household by Source of
Water
CDB 2006-11
100
90
80
78.2
70
60
61.9
50
48.7
40
42.2
86.4
81.3
1,400,000
66.3
62.4
1,200,000
50.5
43.2
1,000,000
30
Tap
800,000
Mixed Well
20
Protected Dug Well
600,000
10
Unprotected Dug
Well
Pond
0
2009
CSES.Total
CDHS.Urban
CDB.Total
2010
CSES.Urban
CDHS.Rural
CDB.Urban
2011
CSES.Rural
CDHS.Total
CDB.Rural
400,000
Rain
200,000
Protected Rain
Other
0
•
•
•
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Urban water CMDG target of 80% has
been achieved
Depending on definitions, the rural
water target of 50% has been achieved
or requires substantial acceleration
Progress in water is slow
•
•
Increased use of tap water and supplies of
bottled water
Needs regulation
3
Issues
% Households
- Source protection
- Storage at the home
- Point-of-consumption: 65% reported
regularly treating water (CDB 2011),
however, only 23% of hhs have drinking
water that meets water quality standard for
40 E. coli…(WHO 2013)
0 (WQ Standard)
30
20
30
23
21
10
26
1 - 10 (Low risk)
11 - 100 (Medium risk)
>100 (High risk)
0
E. coli (cfu/100mL)
POOR PROTECTION OF WATER SOURCE
POOR PROTECTION OF WATER SOURCE
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/majority-of-rural-households-in-karnataka-use-unsafe-water-says-study/article2726480.ece
POOR PROTECTION OF WATER STORAGE
DIRTY HANDLING OF WATER FILTER
http://www.optimallyorganic.com/WaterDistiller.htm
DIRTY
HANDLING OF
DRINKING
GLASS
Current policy/national support for HWTS and WSP
• WSP/HWTS is strongly recommended in the National
Strategic Plan for RWASH (launched in 2014)
• WSP/HWTS is included as one of the key components in the
National Action Plan for RWASH (under developed)
• WSP is addressed in the National Drinking Water Quality
Standard (Prakas issued by MIH Nov.2014)
• WSP is being strongly considered in the development of
Water Law (MIH 2015)
• National guideline for HWTS (MRD 2012)
National Targets
• National target for rural water supply
– By 2015, 50% rural water supply
– By 2018, 60% rural water supply
– By 2025, 100% universal access for safe supply
60% target for hygiene behavior toward
safe drinking water, but no specific target
has been set for WSP/HWTS
- Target is monitored through national monitoring system of Census/
CSES/CDHS and behaviour monitored through KAP survey
- Sector M&E is under developed
Monitoring and Evaluation
• National monitoring system for HWTS: CDHS,
and CSES.
• WHO/UNICEF monitoring toolkit is adopted and
used by MRD to monitor specific project
intervention.
• National KAP also monitors for behaviour
change practice.
Implementation
• Coordination mechanism:
– Sub-group DWQG/WATSAN Group regularly meet
• Stakeholders involved: UNICEF/WHO/WSPWB/ADB/IOs NGOs/Social enterprise (micro finance) are
key players in supporting the promotion of WSP/HWTS
• Equity:
– School WASH
– WASH in health care facility
– Pro-poor strategy/smart subsidy is being considered
under WASH National Action Plan in order to achieve
sector vision 100% by 2025.
Partnerships and Responsibility
– WHO take the lead role in coordinating
Sub-DWQG and promoting WSP in both
urban and rural areas.
– UNICEF take the lead role in promoting
HWTS
– WSP-WB, ADB, IOs and NGOs and
academic institution (RUPP and ITC)
support program intervention.
Resource mobilisation
• The National Action Plan will become an
important tool for advocacy, stronger
commitment and resource allocation.
Future vision
• Sub-national action plan with inclusion of WSP/HWTS (under
developed)
• Community based approach:
– community engagement and behaviour change package
(BCC)
– promote public private partnership
– commune councils with clear tools and processes
• Focus on social norms (individual, inter-personal, community)
it is not just an individual problem.
• Encourage performance monitoring shape decision-making
• Advocacy for increasing national budget