An Overview of Performance-Based Funding in West Virginia

2013 Board of Governors Summit Stonewall Resort Roanoke, West Virginia Rob Anderson

What Is Performance-Based Funding?

A method for structuring higher education funding by tying funds to outcomes (such as increased graduates, STEM degree holders, etc.) instead of basing it on enrollment or historical funding.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

National Context

• Over ½ of all states have some type of model •

Purpose: 1.

Stabilize funding and reassess how to finance public colleges 2.

Greater focus on degree completion 3.

The need to increases college access and success

• Involvement of national foundations

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Performance Funding Landscape

Higher Education:

A Good Investment for West Virginia

In 2010, the Commission, in collaboration with the West Virginia University Bureau for Business and Economic Research, released a report regarding the economic impact of the state’s four-year public colleges and universities.

• Highlights of the Fiscal Year (FY) 2008 total economic impact report include: • Total number of jobs created was approximately 40,600.

• Total business volume generated was $7.9 billion.

• Total employee compensation was $1.5 billion.

• Total assorted state taxes (consumer sales and use, personal income, corporate net income, and business franchise) resulting from these business activities was $73 million.

• Based on inflation only and not accounting for institutional growth, the estimated economic impact for FY 2014 is nearly $13.5 billion.

• The total return on investment for FY 2014 would be 50:1 with level funding.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Charting the Future: The 2007-12 Master Plan

Charting the Future

establishes a public agenda for how higher education can best serve the needs of West Virginia’s citizens.

•

Access:

increase.

Enrollment has grown by approximately 5,500 students, a 6% •

Cost and Affordability:

Approximately 155,000 students have received state financial aid support and tuition has increased at a lower rate than peers.

•

Learning and Accountability:

An increased focus has been placed on completion - making institutions more accountable for performance.

•

Innovation:

Research funding has significantly increased in all categories and most recent data shows a $198 million annual investment in external funding.

•

Economic Growth:

More than 60,000 graduates have entered the workforce and an increasing number of graduates are remaining in the state.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Charting the Future: 2012 Progress Report

• Increased Participation Rates of Low-Income and Adult Students • Stable Retention and Graduation Rates • Increased Number of Graduates Living and Working In-State • Increased Tuition and Fees and Student Loan Debt

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Leading the Way: The 2013-18 Master Plan

Leading the Way: Access. Success. Impact.

• • Focal Areas •

Access

- Goal: Increase access to postsecondary education for both traditional and non-traditional aged West Virginians. •

Success

- Goal: Increase the number of students at system institutions completing quality academic programs. •

Impact

- Goal: Increase the impact that public colleges and universities have on West Virginia through the production of qualified graduates ready to contribute to the workforce and the community, provision of needed services, and research and development that promote knowledge production and economic growth. Tools • Collaboration • • Fiscal Responsibility Assessment

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Cracks in the Pipeline State

Massachusetts Pennsylvania Virginia Delaware Missouri Ohio Nation North Carolina Tennessee Maryland Georgia Arkansas Oklahoma West Virginia Florida Kentucky Mississippi South Carolina Alabama Louisiana Texas

For e ve ry 100 Ninth Grade rs

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Graduate from High School

77 79 71 66 78 73 70 66 71 73 60 54 64 58 65 59 75 75 72 60 69

Ente r Colle ge

58 51 49 43 47 46 44 44 44 46 46 38 43 38 37 41 47 42 43 35 42

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Still Enrolle d Sophomore Ye ar

42 37 34 32 32 33 30 30 29 31 27 24 27 25 24 27 29 25 28 24 28 Source: National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2008)

Graduate within 6 ye ars

30 30 24 23 22 22 21 19 19 19 15 15 15 15 14 17 17 17 17 16 16

Total Headcount Enrollment Fall Census Figures 95,000 90,000 85,000 80,000 75,000 70,000 65,000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Estimate for total headcount enrollment: 92,140 Enrollment decreased 1.3% from Fall 2011 and increased 4.9% over Fall 2008.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Total In-State Tuition and Fees Institution

Bluefield State College Concord University Fairmont State University Glenville State College Marshall University Potomac State College of WVU Shepherd University West Liberty University West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine West Virginia State University West Virginia University WVU Institute of Technology

2002-03 2007-08 2011-12 2012-13 Average Growth Rate 1 Year Change 5 Year Change 10 Year Change

$2,598 $2,962 $2,866 $2,700 $2,984 $2,192 $2,886 $2,748 $3,984 $4,414 $4,614 $4,174 $4,360 $2,596 $4,564 $4,172 $4,908 $5,446 $5,326 $5,352 $5,648 $3,058 $5,554 $5,266 $5,180 $5,716 $5,326 $5,860 $5,930 $3,178 $5,834 $5,930 $14,206 $19,830 $19,950 $20,950 $2,754 $4,156 $5,038 $5,442 $3,240 $3,066 $4,722 $4,598 $5,674 $5,344 $6,090 $5,558 5.5% 5.0% 0.0% 9.5% 5.0% 3.9% 5.0% 12.6% 5.0% 8.0% 7.3% 4.0% 5.4% 5.3% 2.9% 7.0% 6.3% 4.1% 5.0% 7.3% 1.1% 5.5% 5.2% 3.9% 7.1% 6.8% 6.4% 8.1% 7.1% 3.8% 7.3% 8.0% 4.0% 7.0% 6.5% 6.1%

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Average In-State Tuition and Fees State

SREB Average Alabama Arkansas Delaware Florida Georgia Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Mississippi North Carolina Oklahoma South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia West Virginia

2011-12

$7,330 $8,001 $6,654 $10,438 $5,624 $7,298 $7,974 $5,246 $7,961 $5,673 $5,689 $6,071 $10,356 $7,170 $8,053 $9,535 $5,536

Rank 2012-13

$7,754 5 10 $8,741 $6,968 1 $10,890 14 8 6 16 7 13 12 $6,232 $7,504 $8,455 $5,812 $8,220 $6,147 $6,220 11 $6,350 2 $10,698 9 $7,676 4 3 15 $8,354 $9,907 $5,883

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Rank

11 2 8 6 3 15 4 10 1 12 9 5 16 7 14 13

% Change

5.78% 9.25% 4.72% 4.33% 10.81% 2.82% 6.03% 10.79% 3.25% 8.36% 9.33% 4.60% 3.30% 7.06% 3.74% 3.90% 6.27%

Rank

Source: Trends in College Pricing, 2012. Table 5. College Board 10 14 6 13 12 7 4 9 11 1 16 8 2 15 5 3

Declining Role of State Support Per FTE

70,00% 66,14% 65,00% 60,00% 64,23% 58,47% 59,84% 61,63% 55,00% 53,60% 58,23%

SREB Average

55,94% 55,11% 55,45% 56,09% 53,49% 50,00% 45,00% 40,00% 35,00% 30,00% 45,65%

WV Average

41,57% 39,38% 38,21% 38,10% 37,63% 48,90% 46,49% 43,68% 34,54% 33,59% 34,51% 25,00% 20,00% 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Source: SREB Data Exchange January 2013

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Percent of Students Borrowing and Average Amount

Institution Bluefield State College Concord University Fairmont State University Glenville State College Marshall University Potomac State College of WVU Shepherd University West Liberty University West Virginia State University West Virginia University WVU Institute of Technology

Total

Percent with Loans 51.0% 49.9% 62.2% 45.4% 51.1% 46.3% 50.3% 61.2% 44.1% 53.1% 48.2%

52.2%

Average Loan Amount $6,494 $6,136 $6,793 $6,907 $7,205 $5,620 $7,170 $7,480 $6,534 $8,116 $5,974

$7,337

2011 data

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

State Financial Aid Programs

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Totals PROMISE Scholarship Funding $20,587,780 $30,896,581 $38,258,487 $39,547,724 $40,264,423 $42,498,633 $45,706,663 $46,897,179 $47,583,889 Higher Education Grant Awards 6,740 8,827 10,303 9,823 9,526 9,334 9,456 9,783 9,820 Funding $ 20,322,999 $ 20,544,912 $ 20,303,483 $ 27,432,882 $ 30,349,514 $ 35,285,378 $ 40,082,411 $ 37,136,887 $ 39,369,774 Awards 10,327 10,226 10,104 11,183 11,588 16,132 15,203 20,797 19,314 $352,241,359 83,612 $270,828,240 124,874 HEAPS Grant Funding $3,407,582 $3,420,713 $4,418,014 $4,242,911 $4,188,601 $5,636,793 $4,297,153 $4,536,842 $5,249,644 $39,398,253 Awards 3,507 3,432 4,043 4,639 4,298 5,552 3,977 4,415 5,025 38,888 Totals Funding $44,318,361 $54,862,206 $62,979,984 $71,223,517 $74,802,538 $83,420,804 $90,086,227 $88,570,908 $92,203,307 Awards 20,574 22,485 24,450 25,645 25,412 31,018 28,636 34,995 34,159 $662,467,852 247,374

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Percent Undergraduate Population – Pell Recipients

62.7% 55.8% 50.1% 53.5% 59.0% 45.2% 47.3% 35.5% 43.2% 42.9% 48.7% 51.8% 44.0% 35.0% 43.6% 45.7% 32.3%

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Source: Higheredinfo.org (2009-10 data)

Average Salaries of Full-Time Faculty Public Four-Year Institutions (Budget Uncertainty)

• Professors at the public four-year institutions in West Virginia earn 83 percent of the SREB states average.

• Associate professors at the public four-year institutions in West Virginia earn 92 percent of the SREB states average.

• West Virginia ranks 16 (lowest) out of the 16 SREB states in average salaries for professors. Associate professor salaries rank 12 out of 16 and both assistant professors and instructors rank 15 out of 16.

• The statewide Advisory Council of Faculty is developing a multi-year funding approach to increase faculty salaries across the state’s higher education system. The estimated cost is unknown at this time.

Source: SREB Data Exchange January 2013

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Classified Staff Salaries

Compliance with Senate Bill 330

(Budget Uncertainty)

• In July 2010, the total shortfall for funding of the 2001 Classified Staff Salary Schedule was $4,056,146.

• Today, the 2001 salary schedule has been fully funded by the institutions and the Commission.

• As a result of Senate Bill 330, a study is in progress and should be released in the coming months along with a new salary schedule. Until that time, the total amount of required funding for the new schedule is unknown.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Deferred Maintenance for Buildings Unmet Institutional Need:

Deferred maintenance remediation across the two and four-year institutions (one-time).

• • Required by West Virginia Code 18B-1B-4(a)(11) and 18B-19-5.

Commission staff works with the institutions on a list of high priority capital projects addressing deferred maintenance and code compliance issues, updating the list for those in most urgent need.

• Institutions have identified more than $10,000,000 in immediate needs.

Funding for deferred maintenance and code compliance issues would be utilized to match institution funding on a 50/50 basis.

• Funding would allow institutions to repair and maintain facilities that have longstanding capital needs such as sprinkler systems, fire alarms, smoke detectors, ADA access to buildings, re-roofing, and HVAC upgrades.

• Funding would support projects across both two- and four-year institutions, with the funding split in the range of 80 percent for Commission institutions and 20 percent for Council institutions.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Senate Bill 436

• 2012 Legislative Session • Objectives: 1.

Review of existing models 2.

Identification of 3 to 5 policy objectives 3.

Recommendations to ensure stability 4.

Analysis of the impact of different models on different types of institutions

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Legislative Partners

• HCM Strategists • Lumina Foundation • Complete College America • SREB • Council and Commission Staff

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

The Work of the Select Committee

• Meeting with HCM Strategists (May 2012) • Meeting with College Presidents (August 2012) • Presentation of Draft Formula (October 2012) • Final Report Discussed (January 2013) • SB 326 Introduced (February 20130 • SB 326 Passes Senate But Fails in House (April 2103)

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Proposed Formula

• Two Formulas: • CTCS Categories: Developmental Education, Student Progression, Degree Completion, and On-Time Degree Completion • HEPC Categories: Student Progression, Degree Completion, On-Time Degree Completion, and Transfer Students from Two-Year Sector

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Proposed Formula

• Both structured around a “points model” where students are counted in broad categories.

• Students in defined priority categories (STEM, low-income, adult) are weighted more heavily.

• The formula was run based on reallocations of 2% and 5% of base budgets.

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

SB 326

• Charged the Commission and Council to promulgate procedural rules: • Consider the differentiation of institutional missions • Establish appropriate weights to help meet the goal of 20,000 additional degrees by 2018 • Set FY 2014 as a pilot year

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Institutional Concerns

• Would prefer new funding instead of pulling from base budget • Current inequality in funding per student • More input into the process

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Legislative Concerns

• Are institutions being judged on the right measures • How can we assure that the process will be adhered to and not circumvented • Effectiveness

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

Contact Information

• HEPC website: http://wvhepcnew.wvnet.edu • Rob Anderson, [email protected]

West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission