Transcript Using APA and Avoiding Plagiarism Department of Social Work UMD Fall 2011 Compiled by Anne Tellett.

Using APA and Avoiding
Plagiarism
Department of Social Work
UMD
Fall 2011
Compiled by Anne Tellett
Overview

APA
– In text citations
– Reference list
– General rules
There are a variety of styles
for citing materials, the
Department of Social Work
requires the use of APA

Avoiding Plagiarism
– What it is
– Paraphrasing
Properly citing the works of
others that you have used
provides credit to those
who have created the
work. It also provides your
reader with a trail to find
sources that they may
want to read and learn
about themselves
The Department of Social Work has required
writing guidelines which can be found under
Writing Resources at:
http://www.d.umn.edu/sw/current.html
There are also links to a variety of sources for writing
assistance and APA information in this same section
of our website
General overview: Plagiarism

The following resource from UC Davis (2006) gives clear
descriptions of plagiarism, why you should care and how you can
avoid it, as well as examples of how to paraphrase correctly. While
the document is from another institution the definitions of and
consequences for plagiarism are in line with UMD’s own polices. It
should be noted that their advice “when in doubt, cite” ( Under
“Guidelines for avoiding plagiarism”, ¶ 6)is very sound. It is unlikely
that you will receive much in terms of point reductions for
overciting, while not citing can result in serious consequences,
which could include failing the assignment or failing the course
(see UMD’s Student code of conduct).
http://sja.ucdavis.edu/files/plagiarism.pdf
Three broad acts considered
plagiarism
-failing to cite
-failing to quote
-failing to paraphrase correctly
(Hacker, 1998 as quoted in Duckart, 2007, ¶2)
See the following link for Diana Hacker’s additional
explanations on this:
http://users.humboldt.edu/tduckart/Plagiarism.htm
Avoiding Plagiarism

Common Errors
– Missing attribution (author)
– Missing Quotation Marks
– Inadequate Citation
– Paraphrase relies too heavily on source
– Distortion of meaning
– Missing Works Cited (References) entry
– Inadequate citation of images
(Faigley, 2006, p. 231)
Additional resources
Is it plagiarism yet?
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/02/
Safe practices to avoid plagiarism
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/04/
Citations within the text of
document
Citations using direct quotes

When citing a source with a direct quote,
you must include author, date, and page
number
Example:
Reichert (2011) states that “human rights
define the needs and also the set of rights
that each individual may claim, no matter
where he or she resides” (p. 2).
Another example:
Human rights “define the needs and also the
set of rights that each individual may claim,
no matter where he or she resides”
(Reichert, 2011, p. 2).
Note: In the case of online documents which
don’t have page numbers, a paragraph
number is required; this is written (para. 4).
Example for 40 or more words in
quote:
Rhodes (1963) discusses another approach to
glazing:
An englobe, or a slip, is layer of colored clay
applied to the surface of a piece of pottery to
change its color or to add some decorative
accent. There are many ways of developing,
coloring, aging, and applying englobes. (p. 160)
but be sure to double space the quotation!
Citations without direct quotes

When citing a source without using a
direct quote, include only author and date.
Example D
Rhodes (1963) wrote extensively about using englobes to
decorate ceramic works.
Example E
The use of englobes is one method of ceramic decoration
(Rhodes, 1963).
Format for Citing Multiple Authors

2 authors – cite both names (every time)
separated by: and or &
Example: (Day & Bye, 2000) or Day and Bye (2000)

3-5 authors – cite all authors 1st time
Example: (Falk, Raschick & Campbell, 2004);
After that use et al.
(Falk et al., 2004) or Falk et al. (2004)

6 or more authors – cite first author’s name and
use et al.
Example: (Shepard et al., 2004) or Shepard et al. (2004)
Text and Reference List
There must be a direct tie between your in-text
citations and the Reference list at the end of
your paper.
 Example:
Day and Bye (2000) found that….
Day, P., & Bye, L. (2000). Answers to MSW
student’s questions. Journal of Social Work
Education, 28 (1), 24-35.

Not: Bye, L. & Day, P. (2002)…
Citation for personal
communication
Cite in text but do not include in reference
list
Example: A.B. Conrad (personal
communication, May 22, 2010)
or
(A.B. Conrad, personal communication, May
22, 2010)

General APA Rules

What you’re undoubtedly already doing
– Using 1” margins on all sides
– Indenting each paragraph 1/2” (5–7 spaces)
– Double spacing the text
– Numbering each page and running heads
– Using 12-point font
– Using a serif type face similar to Times New
Roman
Reference List Format
Books

General format
Smith, E. B. (2004). Title of work: Often a
subtitle goes here. Location: Publisher.

Book edition other than the first edition
Smith, E. B., & Jones, C. D. (2005). Title of
book (5th ed.). Location: Publisher.
Edited Books
 Edited
book with no authors
Davis, A.B. & Morgan, C.D. (Eds.). (2006).
Title: Insert a subtitle here. Location:
Publisher.
 Edited
book with author
Smith, E. B.(2006). Title (A.B. Davis, Ed.).
Location: Publisher.
Article or Chapter in Edited Book
●Single
author and editor
Smith, E. B. (2005). Title of chapter. In A. Davis
(Ed.), Title of book (pp. 67–75). Location:
Publisher.
●Multiple authors and editors
Smith, E. B., & Jones, C. D. (2005). Title of
chapter. In A. Davis, B. Smith, & C.
Rodriguez (Eds.), Title of book (pp. 76–89).
Location: Publisher.
* Note that names of editors are not inverted, when
they are in this position in the citation
Periodical in Reference List

Periodical
– Jones, M. V. (2004). Title of article. Title of
Periodical, 77, 101–124.
– Smith, Q. R. (2003). Title of article. Title of
Periodical, 28 (4), 24–35.
 In this example, the (4) is the issue number, which
is included if each issue begins with page 1.
Titles: Book, journal and article
(Italics and Capitalization)
Book title: Here is my title: A guidebook.
Journal article title (no italics): Everything you
wanted to know about APA: But forgot to ask.
(Note: books and articles are not capitalized throughout. They use
sentence type capitalization with caps inserted only for a proper
name or the first word after : or -)
Journal titles (capitalized & italicized throughout):
Journal of Strange Sightings and Bad Jokes
Electronic/Internet sources
Let your reader know where to find the
material you are citing by providing an
accurate address/URL.
>For some examples go to FAQ at APA
>For more details go to the OWL at Purdue
Writing Lab Materials @

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/
Citing Internet material

Some of the different types of online
sources to be aware of:
-Articles from an Online journal
-Newspaper Articles
-Electronic Books
-Nonperiodical web document, web page
or report
-Government Report
Online journal article with a DOI
When available include the DOI (digital
object identifier) in the reference
Example:
Hardy, S.A., & Jones, B.T. (Date of
publication). Title of article. Title of
Journal, volume number.
doi:0000000/000000000000

Online Journal without a DOI

Thompson, A. A., & Smith, B. B. (Date of publication).
Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number.
Retrieved from
http://www.journalhomepage.com/full/url/

Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A
List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149.
Retrieved from
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving
Note: If no DOI is assigned and your retrieved the article online, give
the URL of the journal homepage
Newspaper articles from online
source

Author, A. ( year, Month day). Title of
article. Title of Newspaper. Retrieved from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Parker-Pope, T. ( 2008, May 6). Psychiatry
handbook linked to drug industry. The
New York Times. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com
Nonperiodical Web Document,
Web Page or Report

Author, A. A., & Second, B. B. (Date of
publication). Title of Document. Retrieved from
http://www.web address

UMD Department of Social Work (n.d.). Desk top computer
instructions. Retrieved from
http://www.d.umn.edu/sw/tech/Guidelines.htm
Mohr, C. (2011). Achievement gap in the Twin Cities: How are we
doing and what shows promise? Retrieved from
http://www.wilder.org/fileadmin/wilder/pdf/research/AchievementG
ap_TCDPNew_Normal_Oct13_2011_PUBLIC.pdf

For additional information on
reference lists and in text
citation
General overview
 http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c09_o.html
And this in particular for citing
 http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/resdoc5e/RES5e_ch09_
o.html#RES5e_ch09
References
American Psychological Association (2010). Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association ( 6th Ed.). Washington, D.C.:
APA.
Duckart, T. (2007). Avoiding Plagiarism. Retrieved October 19, 2009,
from http://users.humboldt.edu/tduckart/Plagiarism.htm
Faigley, L. ( 2006). The brief Penguin handbook (2nd Ed.). New York:
Pearson Education Inc.
UC Davis (2006). Avoiding plagiarism: Mastering the art of scholarship.
Retrieved October 19, 2009 from
http://sja.ucdavis.edu/files/plagiarism.pdf
( don’t forget to double space!)