Transcript Geography Presentation 8th Grade U.S. History Unit One EARTH – 4 HEMISPHERES HEMISPHERE COMES FROM THE GREEK LANGUAGE oHEMI = ½ SPHERE – ROUND SHAPE.

Geography Presentation
8th Grade U.S. History
Unit One
EARTH – 4 HEMISPHERES
HEMISPHERE COMES FROM THE
GREEK LANGUAGE
oHEMI = ½
SPHERE – ROUND SHAPE
North/ South Hemispheres
Hemispheres is half of the world. The
half of the earth North of the equator is
the Northern Hemisphere, and the half
to the South is the Southern
Hemisphere.
East/West Hemispheres
The half of the Earth
East of the Prime
Meridian is the Eastern
Hemisphere while the
half to the west is
known as the Western
Hemisphere.
Geography Vocabulary
North Pole-The
Most northern
Point on Earth
South Pole-The
Most southern
Point on Earth
THE COMPASS ROSE
Compass Rose
A symbol on maps
that shows direction.
CARDINAL POINTS
MAJOR
POINTS OF
DIRECTION
NORTH
SOUTH
EAST
WEST
ORDINAL POINTS
“INTERMEDIARY
POINTS
NORTHEAST
SOUTHEAST
NORTHWEST
SOUTHWEST
Oceans
The largest bodies of water that
covers Earth (Pacific Ocean, Indian
Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and Atlantic
Ocean, Southern Ocean).
Oceans
P
PACIFIC
I
INDIAN
S
SOUTHERN
A
ATLANTIC
A
ARTIC
Continents
The largest masses of land on Earth. There are
seven continents. The largest is Asia, the
smallest is Australia. The others from largest to
smallest are Africa, North America, South
America, Antarctica, and Europe.
Continents
AUNT
ASIA
ALICE
AUSTRALIA
ALWAYS
ANTARTICA
SINGS
SOUTH AMERICA
EVERYWHERE,
EUROPE
NEVER
NORTH AMERICA
ALONE.
AFRICA
Equator
An imaginary line halfway between the North Pole and
the South Pole, running from west to east.
The equator is numbered zero degrees. The North Pole is
90 degree north latitude and the South Pole is 90 degrees
south latitude.
EQUATOR
Parallels of Latitude
Are imaginary lines that circle the Earth from West
to East. These lines are parallel to the equator.
The distance between parallel lines is always the
same.
BONUS:
WHAT ARE THE
DISTANCES
BETWEEN THE
PARALLEL LINES?
Meridians
Meridians of Longitude are
imaginary lines that run
from the North Pole to
South Pole.
MERIDIANS are not
parallels. Can you explain
why?
Meridians
Parallels of Latitude and
Meridians of longitude can
be used to locate any place
on Earth.
They form grids that can be
used to locate
points/positions.
What need do you think
the invention of grids
served?
Prime Meridian
Is a zero degree
line that is the
starting point for
measuring
longitude.
Prime Meridian
All lines East of the
Prime Meridian are
East Longitude and
all lines to the West
of the Prime
Meridian are West
Longitude.
UMMMMM…
REVIEW: WHAT
LINE IS THE
STARTING POINT
FOR LATITUDE
LINES (NORTH
AND/OR SOUTH)
International Dateline
Is the line numbered 180
degrees longitude. It is
exactly halfway around
the world from the Prime
Meridian.
IT ALSO IS THE
LONGITUDE LINE AS
THE PRIME
MERIDIAN.
International Dateline
DO YOU KNOW
WHAT HAPPENS
WHEN YOU
CROSS THE
INTERNATIONAL
TIMEZONE?
AND WHY?
Tropics
Tropic of Cancer is the line of latitude at 23 1/2
degrees north of the Equator.
Tropic of Capricorn is the imaginary line at 23 ½
degrees south of the Equator.
Tropics
Tropics are all the land and water of Earth situated
between the tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Legends and Keys
LEGENDS
Show general info – elevations over large areas,
generic symbols for mountains, rivers,
boundaries, airports, etc.
o KEYS
Show specific info – cities with specific populations,
specific state/country capitals, etc.
Many times both terms used interchangeably.
Scale
Scales are used in maps because they are smaller
than the places they represent. The scale tells how
many miles every inch on the map stands for.
Student Created Maps
Every map created should have:
1) Title
2) Compass
3) Scale
4) Legend
5) Neat printing and use of ruler