Laboratory Safety Training for Non PI’s

By: Kyle Schlarman Phone: (419) 372-2173 Email: [email protected]

Environmental Safety & Health Specialist Bowling Green State University

OSHA → Public Employees Risk Reduction Act 29 CFR 1910.1450

Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories

• Focuses on the development of a Chemical Hygiene Plan, which sets forth procedures, equipment, personal protection, and work practices that are capable of protecting employees from the health hazards presented by hazardous chemicals in laboratories.

“Due to graphic nature, viewer discretion is advised!”

Laboratory Incidents

 Biological 

Biological Agents

 Physical 

Explosion

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Electricity

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Fire

 Chemical 

Flammables

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Acids/Bases

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Particularly Hazardous Substances

PART

The BGSU Chemical Hygiene Plan

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A copy shall be kept in each lab at all times

Appendices to the CHP

A – Specific Procedure Hazard Assessment Guidelines B – Personal Protective Equipment C – Written copy of OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450

D – Gives an area for MSDS’s to be placed E – Acceptable Chemical Storage Guidelines

Responsibilities:

 Department Chair  Principal Investigator  Laboratory Employees (graduate students, post docs, etc.)  Chemical Hygiene Officer  Environmental Health and Safety Department

Your Responsibilities

1) Follow safety procedures.

2) Report any unsafe condition, accident, or injury to the person responsible for the laboratory (the Principal Investigator).

Particularly Hazardous

• • •

Substances (PHS)

Select Carcinogens Reproductive Toxins Substances with a high degree of acute toxicity

PHS Procedures

• • • • •

Steps to taken when working with PHS’s:

Establishment of a designated area of use; Use of containment devices such as laboratory fume hoods or glove boxes; Acceptable plans for safe removal of waste; Establishment of procedures for decontamination of material, area, and workers that contact the substance; and Wear appropriate protective clothing, including laboratory coats or aprons, when using these chemicals.

“Select Carcinogens” means any substance which meets one of the following criteria: (i) It is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen; or (ii) It is listed under the category, "known to be a carcinogen," in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program (NTP)(latest edition); or (iii) It is listed under Group 1 ("carcinogenic to humans") by the International Agency for research on Cancer Monographs (IARC)(latest editions); or (iv) It is listed as either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category, "reasonably anticipated to be carcinogenic" by NTP, and causes statistically significant tumor incidence in experimental animals in accordance with any of the following criteria: (A) After inhalation exposure of 6-7 hours per day, 5 days per week, for a significant portion of a lifetime to dosages of less than 10 mg/m 3 ; (B) After repeated skin application of less than 300 mg/kg of body weight per week; or (C) After oral dosages of less than 50 mg/kg of body weight per day.

Examples of Select Carcinogens (Tab 3)

Acetaldehyde 2-Acetylaminofluorene

Acrylamide

Acrylonitrile Aflatoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl Arsenic & certain arsenic compounds Azathioprine Barium chromate

Benzene

Benzidine Dimethyl sulfate

1,4-Dioxane

Ethyl carbamate (urethane) Ethylene dibromide Ethylene oxide Ethylenimine

Formaldehyde

Hexamethylphosphoramide Hydrazine Melphalan 4,4’-Methylene-bis[2 chloroaniline]  -Naphthylamine  -Naphthylamine Bis(chloromethyl)ether 1,4-Butanediol dimethylsulfonate (myleran)

Carbon tetrachloride

Chlorambucil

Chloroform

Chloromethyl methyl ether Chromium & certain chromium compounds Cyclophosphamide 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts) Diethylstilbestrol 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Nickel carbonyl 4-Nitrobiphenyl

N

-Nitrosodimethylamine  -Propiolactone

Styrene

Thioacetamide Thorium dioxide Treosulfan

Vinyl chloride

Reproductive Toxins

• • Chemicals that affect the reproductive system, including chromosomal damage (mutations) and effects on fetuses (teratogenesis).

Sources of information State of California’s Safe Drinking Water & Toxic Enforcement Act (Proposition 65) - MSDS

Examples of Reproductive Toxins

• • • • • • • • • • • • Arsenic & certain arsenic compounds Ethylene oxide Benzene Lead compounds Cadmium & certain cadmium compounds Mercury compounds Carbon disulfide Toluene Ethidium bromide Vinyl chloride Ethylene glycol monomethyl & ethyl ethers Xylene

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A completed SOP for Acrylamide can be found in the Laboratory Safety & Health document.

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EHS is available to assist.

Standard Operating Procedure for ____________________________________

Principle Investigator: ________________ Building: ________________ Room: _____ For applications using __________________________, the material must be handled according to BGSU’s General Standard Operating Procedures and these additional procedures:

Major Hazard Process Personal Protective Equipment Designated Area for Use and Containment Devices

All _____________________________ work shall be done in the laboratory fume hood. The fume hood’s sash must be in the position where a face velocity of 100 feet per minute is achieved. Use laboratory fume hood ______________________.

Special Handling Procedures and Storage Requirements Decontamination of Equipment and Area Removal of Waste

Excess __________________________ and all waste material containing ______________ must be placed in a glass container labeled with the following "______________________." Full containers of waste must be manifested and disposed of according to BGSU’s Hazardous Waste Program.

Spill and Accident Procedures

In the event of a spill, immediately vacate and secure the area. Contact Environmental Health & Safety at 372-2171 and ______________________________ (the immediate supervisor).

Laboratory Specific SOPs

• When working with chemicals that are hazardous and the safety procedures are not adequately addressed in the Standard Operating Procedures, it is the responsibility of the Principle Investigator to develop safe procedures for specific chemicals and processes.

Laboratory Evaluations

• • Review the results of safety evaluations and take corrective actions.

Report all safety deficiencies to the Principal Investigator.

PART

BGSU - Standard Laboratory Procedures

• Work practices and procedures that will reduce/eliminate exposures to chemicals.

• All laboratories at BGSU must follow these procedures.

• A complete list of ‘Standard Laboratory Procedures’ can be found on pages 36, 37, and 38 in the ‘Laboratory Safety & Health’ document.

Injury/Illness Reporting

Personal Attire:

• Closed toe shoes in laboratories – NO SANDALS • Do not wear porous or absorbent watch straps in laboratories • Avoid excessively loose or baggy attire, which may include loose sleeves, long neck ties, long unrestrained hair, and hanging jewelry .

• • •

Personal Hygiene

Do not eat or drink in the lab.

Do not apply cosmetics in the lab.

Avoid skin contact with chemicals.

• • •

Personal Hygiene

No food in refrigerators that are used for chemical storage Do not apply cosmetics in the lab Wash hands often while in the lab and thoroughly before leaving.

Chemical Handling



Never smell or taste chemicals.

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Always assume a chemical is hazardous.

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Never use chipped or broken glassware.

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Always place chemicals back from the edge of shelves, tables, or benches.

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Use only the amount needed.

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Waste chemicals will be handled in accordance with the University’s Hazardous Waste Program.

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KEEP WORK AREA CLEAR AND UNCLUTTERED.

• • • •

Eye Protection

Safety goggles must be worn while engaged in laboratory activities that involve use of liquid chemicals injurious to the eyes.

Safety glasses with side shields only protect against particles.

The use of face shields are required when there is the potential of large splashes with corrosive chemicals.

Contact lenses shall not be worn in laboratories.

Lab Coats

• • • • Clothing items made with synthetic fabrics will melt in heat or fire causing severe burns. Lab coats are generally made of cotton or specialized fabrics that will not melt.

If a chemical splashes onto your lab coat or your coat catches on fire – you can easily take the coat off. It is more difficult to remove contaminated clothing.

Lab coats protect your skin from spills and splashes that may occur during regular laboratory exercises.

Lab coats protect your street clothes from dirt and non obvious contamination in the lab.

Gloves

• Wear appropriate gloves whenever using particularly hazardous substances or chemicals with significant skin damaging or skin absorbing potential.

Penetration-

the bulk flow of chemical through tears, rips, pinholes, and other damage through the glove material.

Permeation –

the diffusion of a chemical on a molecular basis through chemical protective clothing.

Degradation-

the change in physical properties of protective material as a result of adverse effects of chemical.

Gloves

Selection charts available in lab supply catalogs Fisher Scientific Lab Safety Supply Selection guidelines may also be found in MSDSs

Respiratory Protection

Respirators shall not be used unless approved by Environmental Health and Safety.

Fume Hood Components

Airfoil: streamlines airflow into hood to help prevent turbulent eddies Baffles: help keep a uniform airflow across the face of the hood Sash: closes/opens hood Work Surface: set-up all work at least 6” from the airfoil

Laboratory Hoods

• Keep hoods free of clutter.

• Do not use hoods for general chemical storage.

• Position gas phase or particle generating sources well within hood.

• Align sash at arrow when working in the hood.

Do not use fume hoods as storage cabinets.

Large containers or equipment, such as shaker tables, water baths, or numerous chemical containers will interfere with airflow inside the chemical fume hood by causing reverse flows and dead spots. These dead spots may allow contaminants to escape from the hood. Placing large equipment on legs or blocks will help reduce a reverse airflow by allowing air to circulate beneath the equipment.

Option:

Taping tissue to the fume hood sash will provide a visual indication of air flow.

It’s important not to block fume hood air flow. When large equipment needs to be placed in a fume hood, place equipment on blocks or racking to allow air flow under the equipment.

Improper placement of beta radiation shields can block airflow and significantly reduce the effectiveness of the fume hood.

Emergency Eyewash and Shower Units

Never store anything in front of eyewash/shower units.

- Make sure you know where the eyewash/shower unit is in lab and how it works.

Accidental Splash Procedure

If someone gets a chemical in their eye or on their skin they should follow this procedure:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Get to the eyewash/shower unit quickly. Your vision may be impaired so get help if needed.

When you get to the eyewash/shower unit, start flushing your eyes and/or skin immediately. You may need help holding your eyelids back so the water makes good contact with your eyes. If the spill occurred on your skin, remove your clothing as quickly as possible to reduce the contact time of the chemical on your skin.

Continue washing for 15 minutes.

While washing, have someone contact 911.

Near Miss Accident Reporting

• An incident that could have resulted in an injury, death, pollution, damaged equipment. • The EH&S department ask that near misses be reported.

•

A near miss can be viewed as a learning opportunity.

•

Our department will likely perform a evaluation of the near miss. Nobody will go to jail for reporting what happened.

Electrical

Always make sure electrical equipment is properly grounded Never remove the grounding prong on a three-prong electrical plug.

- Never modify a three prong plug to use in a two prong outlet.

Sharps

 Dispose of sharps in approved sharps containers. 

Never recap needles.



Sharps containers should be disposed of when they are ¾ full.

 Dispose of broken glass and other sharps in appropriately labeled containers.



Broken glass receptacles will be installed in laboratories.

Chemical Storage

• Only authorized individuals should have access to chemicals.

• Segregate incompatible materials to prevent contact with one another.

Chemical Storage: Example Storage Pattern

RED (R) BLUE (B) YELLOW (Y) WHITE (W) GREY (G)

ChemAlert* Storage Codes Flammable

. Store in area segregated for flammable reagents.

Health Hazard

. Toxic if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through Skin. Store in secure area.

Reactive and Oxidizing Reagents

. May react violently with air, water, or other substances. Store away from flammable and combustible materials

Corrosive

. May harm skin, eyes, mucous membranes. Store away from red-, yellow-, and blue-colored regents above. Presents no more than moderate hazard in any of categories above. For general chemical storage.

Exception

. Denoted by the word “STOP.” Reagents Incompatible with other reagents of the same color bar. Store separately.

Chemical Storage

• Secure compressed gas cylinders by chain or strap. • Keep protective cap on cylinders not in use.

Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Flammable: A liquid with a flashpoint below 100 0 F. Combustible: A liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 0 F but below 200 0 F.

Flashpoint: The lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air near its surface or within a vessel.

Chemical Storage – Flammables

• Make use of flammables cabinets as much as you can.

• Do not store chemicals of different hazard classes in flammables cabinets.

Ultraviolet Light

Exposing the skin to ultraviolet light can cause erythema (redness of the skin), photosensitivity, cancer, etc. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has found that ultraviolet light in all UV regions are probably carcinogenic to humans. The eye is also impacted from unprotected exposure to ultraviolet light. The cornea and conjunctiva absorb various wavelengths of UV light and can cause photokeratitis and photoconjunctivitis from acute exposures.

Toxicity Rating

Extremely Toxic Highly Toxic Toxic Slightly Toxic Practically nontoxic

Table 2: Probable Lethal Dose for Humans Animal LD

50

(per kg) Lethal Dose When Ingested by 70kg (150 lb) Human

Less than 5 mg 5 to 50 mg 50 to 500 mg A taste (less than 7 drops) Between 7 drops and 1 teaspoon Between 1 teaspoon and 1 once 500 mg to 5 g Above 5 g Between 1 ounce and 1 pint Above 1 pint

This information is available in some MSDSs

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• MSDSs for all chemicals used in the lab shall be maintained in a readily accessible location for lab employees.

• Chemical and Manufacturer’s Information • • Hazardous Ingredients Physical and Chemical Properties and Characteristics • • Fire and Explosion Information Reactivity Information • • • Health Hazard Information Precautionary Information Exposure Control

ChemWatch

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Can create a chemical inventory for each laboratory online

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A very useful tool to look up MSDS’s for chemicals

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Can be accessed anywhere on campus

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Links to these web sites and the training module can be found on our web page

http://www.bgsu.edu/offices/envhs/

under “Laboratory Safety and Health” and then “ChemWatch”

Labeling Secondary Containers

• All chemical containers must be labeled with the

chemical’s name, date container was filled & hazard warnings.

• Abbreviations are not permitted.

Isopropyl Alcohol 2/15/2012

•

Flammable

•

Hazardous in case of eye contact, ingestion, or inhalation.

PART

Emergency Procedures

* Avoid working alone. If it must be done, have a check-in system.

BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

FIRE

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. SOUND ALARM BY USING FIRE ALARM PULL STATION.

CALL 911 -

GIVE DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION. CALMLY AND SAFELY EVACUATE ALL BUILDING OCCUPANTS. ATTEMPT TO

EXTINGUISH FIRE IF YOU ARE TRAINED TO USE PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS. USES ON SMALL FIRES ONLY.

IF UNABLE TO EXTINGUISH FIRE, LEAVE BUILDING AND CLOSE DOOR BEHIND YOU TO CONTAIN FIRE.

NEVER RE-ENTER A BURNING

6.

BUILDING FOR ANY REASON.

DO NOT USE ELEVATOR - USE STAIRWAY ONLY!

MEDICAL -

SEVERE ILLNESS OR INJURY 1. CHECK THE SCENE. DO NOT PLACE YOURSELF IN A LIFE-THREATENING 2. 3. SITUATION.

CALL 911

- GIVE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT. IF YOU ARE TRAINED IN CPR AND/OR FIRST AID, ASSESS THE NEED FOR SUPPORT.

CRIMES IN PROGRESS

-

CALL 911 TORNADO

- SEE TORNADO INFORMATION & INSTRUCTION POSTERS IN BUILDINGS

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT

- CHEMICAL OR RADIATION SPILLS, LEAKS 1. EVACUATE TO A SAFE DISTANCE. 2. 3. 4.

CALL 911

- GIVE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL. PREVENT ACCESS TO AREA UNTIL RESPONSE TEAM ARRIVES. IF CHEMICAL OR RADIATION CONTACTS EYES OR SKIN: - FLUSH IMMEDIATELY AND CONTINUOUSLY FOR AT LEAST 15 MINUTES. - USE EYE WASH STATION, SAFETY SHOWER, OR OTHER WATER SOURCE.

UTILITY EMERGENCIES

- GAS LEAK, FLOODING, ELEVATOR FAILURE, ELECTRICAL OR POWER FAILURE.

CALL 372-7647

, M-F 8:00A.M. - 5:00 P.M., AFTER THESE HOURS, CALL PUBLIC SAFETY AT 372-2346. Department of Risk Management Prepared by: Department of Environmental Health and Safety Department of Public Safety

Tornado Procedures

Tornado Procedures

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Designed to help protect your health and safety as a State employee while active in your job duties.

OHIO PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM SAFETY AND HEALTH PROTECTION ON THE JOB THE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT RISK REDUCTION ACT WAS ENACTED TO PROVIDE SAFE AND HEALTHFUL WORKING CONDITIONS FOR OHIO’S PUBLIC EMPLOYEES. Employer Duties: Employee Duties:

Each public employer shall provide a place of employment free from recognized hazards. Each employee shall comply with all safety and health standards, rules, and regulations. Enforcement:

The Ohio Department of Commerce will: 1.

2.

Inspect job sites for unsafe and unhealthful conditions following a request to do so by a public employee, public employee representative, or public employer. Issue citations requiring public employers to correct safety and health violations.

Refusal to Work:

Any public employee acting in good faith may refuse work under conditions reasonably believed to present an imminent danger of death or serious physical harm, provided that the condition is not such as normally exists or reasonably might be expected to occur in the normal and regular duties of the employee. In the case of refusal to work, the public employee must follow these three steps and if all of the conditions in this rule are not met, the public employee may be subject to disciplinary action pursuant to law or agreement: 1. 2. Notify his or her immediate supervisor of the imminent danger condition. If the employer declines to correct or disputes the condition, the employee must attempt to contact the director of the Division of Occupational safety and Health and/or a representative of the Division knowledgeable of Risk Reduction standards and workplace hazards. 3. Submit a written statement of the imminent danger to the Chief of the Bureau of Occupational Safety and Health as soon as practical.

Complaints:

Any public employee or employee representative may file a complaint with the Ohio Department of Commerce of any unsafe or unhealthful condition or practice by letter or by fax. Employees should initially attempt to have unsafe or unhealthful conditions corrected through their own procedures by contacting their immediate supervisor.

Inspections:

The inspector will question privately a representative number of employees and management personnel concerning safety and health conditions in the workplace.

Citations:

Following an inspection by the Ohio Department of Commerce, notice of violations issued to the public employer must be prominently posted at or near the place where the hazard was found.

Protection:

Employees cannot be discharged or otherwise discriminated against in any manner for filing a complaint in accordance with the Act or by instituting or causing to be instituted any provision of the Act. Discrimination complaints must be filed with the State Personnel Board of Review within 60 days of the discriminatory act or be pursued through provisions under a collective bargaining agreement.

For additional information contact:

Ohio Department of Commerce Division of Labor and Worker Safety Bureau of Occupational Health and Safety 50 West Broad Street 29th Floor Columbus, Ohio 43215 Phone: 1-800-671-6858 or 614-644-1618 Fax: 614-644-3133 Refusal to Work Phone: 614-731-4380 BGSU employees are encouraged to correct unsafe conditions as follows:  Report them to the next administrative level.  If this notification does not correct the hazard, or if the hazard is not in the employee’s department, call Environmental Health and Safety at 372-2171. Examples of reportable conditions: fire hazards, trip/fall hazards, unsafe equipment, improper use of equipment, damaged asbestos, no personal protective equipment, or improper chemical use or storage. Call Environmental Health and Safety or Human Resources (372 -2259) with questions about this poster or about hazard reporting procedures.

HMIS vs. NFPA

What are these labels trying to tell you?

Other Hazards

Irritants

 Chemicals that are capable of causing a reversible inflammatory effect on the body at the site of contact as a function of concentration or duration of exposure.

Harmful agents

 A substance that presents a moderate risk to health by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption.

Oxidizers

 Initiates or promotes combustion in other materials, thereby causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other gases.

Implosions

 Rotary evaporators under vacuum conditions should be wrapped with electrical tape and must be enclosed in a shield to guard against flying glass in the event of an implosion.

Corrosives

 Strong acids and bases  Can destroy skin  Can damage other materials such as metals and plastics  Make sure proper PPE is used when working with these types of chemicals

Organic Peroxides



Chemicals containing a bivalent -O-O structure, which is a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both hydrogen atoms are replaced by an organic radical.



Highly reactive and unstable

Organic Peroxides Classes

Class A • Divinyl Ether • Divinyl Acylene • Isopropyl Ether • Potassium Metal • Potassium Amide • • • • Class B Diethyl Ether Cyclohexene Furan Tetrahydrofuran (THF) • • • • Class C Acrylonitrile Butadiene Chlorotrifluoroethyle Tetrafluoroethylene

Let’s Play a Game!

See if you can identify conditions in the following pictures that can lead to a chemical spill

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Are there any issues with this picture that could lead to a chemical spill?

Any Questions?

Thank you for your time and attention!

For more information, please contact the Environmental Health and Safety office at 419-372-2171