Transcript Lab 13 Nat Sel PPS
Natural Selection Lab
By Jane Horlings I ’ iwi, Hawaiian honeycreeper
Archaeopteryx
fossil Passenger pigeon, which became extinct in the early 1900s due to human hunting
History
• Ideas about evolution originated before Darwin • Aristotle • Fossils • Jean Baptiste de
Lamarck
–
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
Aristotle (UL), Ammonite fossil (UR), Lamarck (L)
History
• Lamarck – Characteristics which an organism developed during its lifetime were inherited – Now known to be invalid
History
• Charles Darwin • H.M.S. Beagle • South America & the Galapagos Islands H.M.S. Beagle (U), Galapagos turtle (LL), Darwin at early age (LR)
History
• Finches in the Galapagos
History
History
• Other scientists and research influenced Darwin’s theory • Charles
Lyell
: Principles of Geology Lyell
History
• Economist Thomas
Malthus
• Alfred Russel
Wallace
History
Wallace, early (R), and later in life (L)
History
• • Darwin proposed that evolution occurs by
natural selection
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
published in 1859
History
• Darwin's theory had four parts: 1. Organisms produce more offspring than can survive to reproductive age 2. Members of a population vary and some of these variations are
heritable
3. Resources available to a population are limited 4. Organisms with the most favorable traits have
differential reproductive success
, and those traits are passed to the next generation
History
• The synthetic theory of evolution or Neo-Darwinism Darwin (R), Mendel (L)
History
Darwin in cartoon from 1800s Darwin died in 1882
Selection
•
Selection
= when some individuals leave behind more offspring than others, and the rate at which they do so is affected by their inherited characteristics • Selection can be
artificial
or
natural
Peppered moth
• Artificial selection
Selection
Selection
• Biotechnology / Genetic engineering
Selection
•
Natural selection
• Natural selection is the result of
differential reproduction
by members of a population • “ Reproduction of the fittest!
”
Selection
See? The offspring in the last generation now all have the gene allowing them to be resistant to the pesticide! This is a great example of selection!