Transcript lecture-cinematography-p1
Slide 1
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Cinematography
The art of telling a story trough the camera lens
Slide 2
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Cinematography
(from Greek: kinesis (movement)
and grapho (to record)), is the
discipline of making lighting and
camera choices when recording
photographic images for the
cinema.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography
Slide 3
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
In this unit, you will learn:
1.Framing & Composition
2. Lighting
3. Story boarding
4. Camera shots
Design sketch and render extracted from Start Your Engines, Copyright to Scott Robertson
Slide 4
Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Framing
What the
audience
sees in
the
viewable
space.
Slide 5
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Why must we care about Framing?
Each visual scene is made up of:
Props (stationary or movable objects),
Characters (main subject or passer-by), and
Lighting condition
Slide 6
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Why must we care about Framing?
All scenes are in frames – rectangular shapes.
We only have limited visual spaces to tell a story.
Slide 7
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Aspect Ratio
The aspect ratio of an image is its width divided
by its height.
Still Photography: 4:3 and 3:2, 5:4, 7:5, and 1:1
Movie theatre: 1.85:1 and 2.39:1
Video/TV: 4:3 (standard) and 16:9 (European
digital & HD tv)
Slide 8
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
How would you represent the 3D space in a 2D Frame?
Slide 9
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
A frame can be divided into foreground, mid-ground, and background.
Slide 10
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
This division of grounds is applicable to any project that requires scene-setting.
background
Mid ground
Foreground
Storyboarding
Workshop @TKSS
A screen
capture of the
Flash game
From Orisinal
on the internet.
Slide 11
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
The division of the grounds need not be of equal proportions.
background
Mid ground
Foreground, mid-ground
and background,
together with foreshortening, is the most
frequently used approach
in depicting 3D scene on
a 2D plane.
Foreground
ART BY GAVINA
(Art Deco style poster.)
Slide 12
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
2-point Perspective
Light and shade
1-point Perspective
Slide 13
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
As the top edges turn away from you, they appear to
have shorter width.
2-point Perspective
Light and shade
The further away the
object is from you,
the smaller it seems
become.
1-point to
Perspective
Slide 14
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena:
Lecture: Perspective
Basic Cinematography
One-point
2-point Perspective
Photographed by Christia Chua
Light and shade
1-point Perspective
Photographed by Christia Chua
Slide 15
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena:
Two-point
Lecture: Perspective
Basic Cinematography
2-point Perspective
1-point Perspective
Photographed by
Christia Chua
Slide 16
3D on 2D, Scene-setting, Storyboarding 1-2-3
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Light and shade
Light source
Lightest
Darkest
Medium
Slide 17
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Overlapping
•Create a sense of depth
•Create interesting composition.
C
B
A
B
C
D
A
D
Slide 18
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Example of using Overlapping
Storyboarding
Workshop @TKSS
Slide 19
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
There are some rules you can apply
to help you with composition within a frame.
B
A
If whole width = A
Then B = A 1.618
Rules of Thirds
Golden Section: Aesthetically pleasing
division of the spaces in the frame.
Slide 20
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Rules of thirds
Slide 21
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Golden Section
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 22
Composition, Scene-setting
Golden section
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 23
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Head Room
A good guide to achieve adequate head room is to align the
eyes of your character to the top 1/3 line.
Slide 24
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Lead Room
Generally we want 1/2 to 2/3
lead room in front of
character. This allows the
audience to know where the
character is moving towards.
Not enough lead room will
create uncomfortable and
tense image.
The amount of lead room not only affects aesthetics,
it affects the mood.
Slide 25
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 26
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 27
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
In summary, we have learnt:
– Framing & Composition rules:
– Foreground, Background, Middleground,
– Fore-shortening, Perspective, Shading, Overlaps
– Rules of Thirds, Golden Section, head room, lead room
Slide 28
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Lighting
types of lights and their effects
to the rendered frame
Slide 29
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
• Homework for next week’s
tutorial:
Research to find out what is meant by the
following lighting conditions:
–
–
–
–
Key Light, Fill Light, Back Light
Ambient Light, Reflected Light
Area Light, Directional Light,
Point (Omni) Light, Spot Light
Present in the next tutorial, showing examples of each.
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Cinematography
The art of telling a story trough the camera lens
Slide 2
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Cinematography
(from Greek: kinesis (movement)
and grapho (to record)), is the
discipline of making lighting and
camera choices when recording
photographic images for the
cinema.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography
Slide 3
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
In this unit, you will learn:
1.Framing & Composition
2. Lighting
3. Story boarding
4. Camera shots
Design sketch and render extracted from Start Your Engines, Copyright to Scott Robertson
Slide 4
Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Framing
What the
audience
sees in
the
viewable
space.
Slide 5
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Why must we care about Framing?
Each visual scene is made up of:
Props (stationary or movable objects),
Characters (main subject or passer-by), and
Lighting condition
Slide 6
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Why must we care about Framing?
All scenes are in frames – rectangular shapes.
We only have limited visual spaces to tell a story.
Slide 7
Framing, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Aspect Ratio
The aspect ratio of an image is its width divided
by its height.
Still Photography: 4:3 and 3:2, 5:4, 7:5, and 1:1
Movie theatre: 1.85:1 and 2.39:1
Video/TV: 4:3 (standard) and 16:9 (European
digital & HD tv)
Slide 8
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
How would you represent the 3D space in a 2D Frame?
Slide 9
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
A frame can be divided into foreground, mid-ground, and background.
Slide 10
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
This division of grounds is applicable to any project that requires scene-setting.
background
Mid ground
Foreground
Storyboarding
Workshop @TKSS
A screen
capture of the
Flash game
From Orisinal
on the internet.
Slide 11
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
The division of the grounds need not be of equal proportions.
background
Mid ground
Foreground, mid-ground
and background,
together with foreshortening, is the most
frequently used approach
in depicting 3D scene on
a 2D plane.
Foreground
ART BY GAVINA
(Art Deco style poster.)
Slide 12
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
2-point Perspective
Light and shade
1-point Perspective
Slide 13
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
As the top edges turn away from you, they appear to
have shorter width.
2-point Perspective
Light and shade
The further away the
object is from you,
the smaller it seems
become.
1-point to
Perspective
Slide 14
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena:
Lecture: Perspective
Basic Cinematography
One-point
2-point Perspective
Photographed by Christia Chua
Light and shade
1-point Perspective
Photographed by Christia Chua
Slide 15
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena:
Two-point
Lecture: Perspective
Basic Cinematography
2-point Perspective
1-point Perspective
Photographed by
Christia Chua
Slide 16
3D on 2D, Scene-setting, Storyboarding 1-2-3
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Light and shade
Light source
Lightest
Darkest
Medium
Slide 17
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Overlapping
•Create a sense of depth
•Create interesting composition.
C
B
A
B
C
D
A
D
Slide 18
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Example of using Overlapping
Storyboarding
Workshop @TKSS
Slide 19
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
There are some rules you can apply
to help you with composition within a frame.
B
A
If whole width = A
Then B = A 1.618
Rules of Thirds
Golden Section: Aesthetically pleasing
division of the spaces in the frame.
Slide 20
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Rules of thirds
Slide 21
3D on 2D, Scene-setting
Golden Section
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 22
Composition, Scene-setting
Golden section
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 23
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Head Room
A good guide to achieve adequate head room is to align the
eyes of your character to the top 1/3 line.
Slide 24
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Lead Room
Generally we want 1/2 to 2/3
lead room in front of
character. This allows the
audience to know where the
character is moving towards.
Not enough lead room will
create uncomfortable and
tense image.
The amount of lead room not only affects aesthetics,
it affects the mood.
Slide 25
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 26
Composition, Scene-setting
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Slide 27
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
In summary, we have learnt:
– Framing & Composition rules:
– Foreground, Background, Middleground,
– Fore-shortening, Perspective, Shading, Overlaps
– Rules of Thirds, Golden Section, head room, lead room
Slide 28
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
Lighting
types of lights and their effects
to the rendered frame
Slide 29
Lecture: Basic Cinematography
• Homework for next week’s
tutorial:
Research to find out what is meant by the
following lighting conditions:
–
–
–
–
Key Light, Fill Light, Back Light
Ambient Light, Reflected Light
Area Light, Directional Light,
Point (Omni) Light, Spot Light
Present in the next tutorial, showing examples of each.