Slide 1

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 2

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 3

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 4

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 5

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 6

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 7

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 8

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 9

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 10

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 11

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 12

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 13

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 14

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 15

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 16

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 17

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 18

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 19

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 20

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 21

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 22

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 23

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 24

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 25

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 26

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 27

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 28

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 29

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 30

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 31

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 32

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 33

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 34

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 35

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 36

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 37

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 38

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 39

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 40

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 41

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 42

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 43

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 44

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 45

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 46

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 47

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 48

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 49

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 50

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 51

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 52

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 53

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 54

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 55

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 56

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 57

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 58

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 59

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 60

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 61

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 62

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 63

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 64

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 65

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 66

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 67

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 68

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 69

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 70

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 71

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 72

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 73

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 74

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 75

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 76

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 77

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 78

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 79

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 80

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 81

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 82

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 83

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 84

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 85

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 86

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 87

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 88

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 89

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 90

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 91

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 92

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 93

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 94

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 95

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 96

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 97

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 98

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 99

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 100

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put


Slide 101

Language Structure 4

Select the underlined
section that contains
an error:

1.

His trials and tribulations, which
he claimed were his worse,
would be more satisfactory if he
actually took the time to
organize his thoughts.

a)
b)
c)
d)

which he claimed were
worse
actually
thoughts

2.

My friend had been advised to
make prudent investments with
her inheritance, so she delayed
Thetocorrect
answer
should
be
buy those stocks offered on
DELAYED
BUYING.
infinitive
the exchange
that An
morning.

was used instead of a gerund.
DELAYED
is aadvised
verb that
a) had been
to is
followed
by the -ing Gerund.
b) to make
c) with
d) delayed to buy

3.

The newest ideas presented
actually will might cost more,
and may have to be considered
carefully before going to the
Don't
put
two
MODAL
verbs
board for ratification.

together like this. The correct
structure
is MIGHT COST.
a) presented
b) will might
c) may have to
d before going

4.

Not agreeing to sell his assets
and eventually is phasing out his
construction company, John will
attempt
to keep
going until
This
should
readthings
PHASING,
to
the
bank
floats
another
loan.
keep it as a parallel structure

with NOT AGREEING. It is a
a)
Not
agreeing
to
sell
participle, not a verb tense.
b) is phasing
c) will attempt
d) things going

5.

Until the end of the First World
War, a little official attention was
A LITTLE means that some
given to preventing fires, because
attention
was
given,
which
has
extinguishing fires was the main
no negative
connotation;
LITTLE
concern of fire departments.

is the correct answer. LITTLE
means
not much, which gives
a) a little
the
sentence
its
correct
b) to preventing
negative
connotation.
c) extinguishing
d) was

6. A frustrating year for the U.S.
space program was experienced
in 1993 because of lost satellites,
delays
of
space
shuttle
launches,
DRASTICALLY is an adverb,
and a drastically size reduction of
but what is needed is an
the space station.

adjective. DRASTIC is the
a) frustrating
correct
form of the word.
b) was experienced
c) because of
d) drastically

7.

Marine biology also deals on
organisms which directly
depend upon bodies of salt
water
for
necessities
of
life.
The answer should be with a

different preposition which
a)
deals
on
follows DEALS: DEALS WITH.
b) which
c) depend upon
d) necessities of life

8. Hakka is very much like
Cantonese, with six tones
distinguishing meaning between
This
is
a
noun
which
has
words or words elements within
'become'
an adjective
to
the same vowels
and consonants.

modify ELEMENTS, and
there
are very
a) much
like few adjectives
which end in -S.
b) with
c) words
d) within the

9. When was the least time you
updated the information in your
address book?

was be LAST not LEAST.
This a)
should
b) least
c) the
d) address

10. Does Jose know how to
shipping the fragile parts so that
they don't break during export?

The correct form should be
a) in
Does
SHIP
the infinitive phrase
b) how
HOW TO SHIP.
c) shipping
d) so that

11. Although he wasn't never
promoted, Ming maintained his
rigorous standards until he
The
double
negative
retired.

WASN'T NEVER is not
correct.
It
should
be
either
a) wasn`t
WAS
NEVER
or
WASN'T
EVER.
b) promoted
c) until
d) retired

12. If you are dissatisfied for our
service, please let us know
how
weSATISFIED
can improve.
Both
and

DISSATISFIED are followed
dissatisfied
bya)the
preposition WITH,
b) Are
for you satisfied with
e.g.
c) know
this answer?
d) can

13. Our lawyer advised we to
request an audit from the tax
office.
The object form US is

needed after the verb
a) we ADVISED:
b) an
Our
lawyer advised us
c) from
to request.
d) the

14. Although he thinks differently
than the previous owner,
they have some similarities.

Although this word is
sometimes heard after
a) Although
DIFFERENT, the correct
b) differently
preposition is FROM.
c) than
d) some

15. We are running late on the
order, so be sure it is by five
o'clock ready.

This is incorrect because
a) late
it should be:
b) onBY FIVE O'CLOCK.
READY
c) be
d) by five o'clock ready

16. I borrowed a dog from a
friend to prevent thieves to
breaking into the warehouse.

Use the preposition FROM
a) borrowed
after the verb TO PREVENT.
b) from
c) thieves
d) to

Incomplete sentences:

17. Mr. Bulalla has _________
been promoted.

a)
b)
c)
d)

ever
yet
already
still

18. ___________ Mrs. Thompson's
business acumen is beyond
reproach, she has been able to
increase profits dramatically.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Even though
Because of
So
Because

19. ________ all those applying
for the position, Mr. Jamison
was the one chosen, as he
was the most experienced.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Of
From
Against
With

20. The World Wide Web
revolutionized the way we
communicate; ___________ ,
video-conferencing, internetphone, and all the other
multimedia embedded in the Web
extend our global communication.
a) moreover
b) consequently

c) nevertheless
d) for example

21. Had the overdraft
__________ , the bank
The passive
is needed
would have
called. here.

It has the same meaning
as IF THE
PEOPLE WORKING
a) noticed
IN THE
NOTICED
b)BANK
been HAD
noticed
THEbeing
OVERDRAFT.
c)
noticed
d) was noticed

22. If you can't ___________ with
your old computer in today's
fast-track technology, you
should upgrade to a faster
one.

GET BY means USE EFFICIENTLY.
a) get to
b) get through
c) get along
d) get by

23. Without ___ legal support, we
are certain to lose the lawsuit
against
us.
After WITHOUT we change

NO into ANY. It's the same
a)
no
rule as in: I DON'T HAVE ANY
b)
any
MONEY = I HAVE NO MONEY.
c) little
d) none

24. When Sara arrived ___ work,
everyone suddenly stopped
talking.

One
arrives AT a place.
a) at
b) to
c) in
d) into

25. They are planning ___ a
branch in Europe in three
months.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for open
for opening
to open
open

26. They ___ hire you if you
had a validHAD
driver's
license.
Because
occurs

in the last clause,
a) will
the
first clause should
b)
have
have a conditional
c) shall
WOULD form.
d) would

27. Every year Ms. Lang looks
forward ___ her summer
vacation
on
the
islands.
One looks forward TO

something, meaning
a)
to
one anticipates it with
b) atexcitement.
c) in
d) about

28. The lawyer who represents
all our branches ___ never
lost a single case.

a)
b)
c)
d)

haven't
has
hasn't
will

29. When Tanya had to give a
speech, she ___ nervous
hours
beforehand.
The adverb of frequency

ALWAYS should
a)come
was always
after WAS.
b) always was
c) always
d) always isn't

30. Where can I find some ___
on military spending in
various countries?

a)
b)
c)
d)

informations
informative
infos
information

31. You should always lock your
desk before leaving ___ that
nobody
can
steal
anything.
SO THAT marks the

beginning of a reason
a)
as
or purpose clause.
b) so
c) in
d) because

32. The rapid fall ___
stockmarket prices
started panic among
the stockholders.

a)
b)
c)
d)

in
to
of
at

33. Don't worry we'll have to
wait a little longer because
I'm sure he'll ______ soon.

TURN UP means to
appear/arrive unexpectedly.
a) turn up
b) turn in
c) turn into
d) turn down

34. Last week I _____ that book
you wanted in a small shop.

COME ACROSS in this
sentence means
a) came up
'find by chance'.
b) came into
c) came across
d) came by

35. What you have to do is to
______ a new idea that will
THINK
UP means
try ahard
enable
us to make
lot ofto
money. something new
imagine

whereas think over means
a) think over
consider
or reflect on.
b) think out
c) think about
d) think up

36. The time has now come
when it will be necessary to
_______ making a plan.

SEE ABOUT means make
preparations for something
a) see about
or doing something.
b) see over
c) see through
d) see into

37. It's easy to see from the
way the garden is looking
that winter has _______.

SET IN means there are
signs of frost/snow/cold
a) set out
temperature and
b) set in
no leaves on the trees.
c) set up
d) set off

38. You need not worry that you'll
be left on your own because
I'll always _____ you.

STAND BY suggests supporting
or standing shoulder to
a) stand for
shoulder with someone or
b) stand to
something.
c) stand by
d) stand from

39. You can tell by the way she
talks and behaves that she
_______ her mother.

TAKE AFTER means behave in
the same way/do the same
a) takes
to similar to.
things
as/be
b) takes in
c) takes back
d) takes after

40. The station isn't far away and
the train leaves in about ten
minutes so there is no need to
worry — we have time to ____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

save
store
spare
place

41. We're not living here for good
but just for the time ______.

FOR THE TIME BEING means
a) seeing
at the present time but
b) trying
not for always.
c) going
d) being

42. Time will ______ whether we
have made the right decision.

a)
b)
c)
d)

say
know
tell
find

43. Some people only read the
______ lines in a newspaper.

A HEADLINE is the title of a
newspaper article or a large
type
at
the
beginning
of
an
a) top
article.
so, headline is clearly
b) big
the
c) word
main needed here.
d) head

44. You should always check the
sell _____ date of things you
buy in the supermarket.

The idea of a SELL BY DATE
is toa)indicate
the
end
of
the
in
period
an
item
can
be
sold.
b) through

c) by
d) off

45. When the building was
completed, all the workers
were paid ______.

a)
b)
c)
d)

off
through
out
over

46. The boss was good enough
to ______ my mistake.

TO OVERSEE means to
supervise, to manage

a) oversee
TOb)OVERLOOK
means
to
overtake
failc)to notice
or
to
excuse
overdo
d) overlook

46. Newspapers are ______ to
DELIVER
to bring
people'smeans
doors every
day.

to your door.

a) takenis simply share
DISTRIBUTE
b) distributed
out/give
out and so has a
c)
delivered
different
meaning.
d) handed

47. In _____ nothing much
happened at the meeting.

You can either say
IN
SHORT
or
BRIEFLY
a) quick
but
not
in
briefly.
b) briefly

c) short
d) shortly

STANDING
OVATION
is a fixed
48. At the end
of the speech
the
expression.
It means
whole assembly
gave that
the
people
in an aaudience
stand
speakers
standing _____.
up to clap their hands at the
a) ofovation
end
a performance or
b) applause
speech
because they liked it
cheering
very c)
much.
It's more than just
d) ordinary
support applause.
the

An49.
OPINION
POLL
is information
Politicians
pretend
to ignore
collected
by means of
opinion ______.
interviewing people about
a) views
votes(opinions) and
their
b) figures
creating
statistics showing the
c) numbers
different
percentages of how
d) people
polls think this and
many
how many people think that.

50. I have to have this report
finished _____.

a)
b)
c)
d)

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

51. We were fortunate enough to
visit the Grand Canyon.
It has _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)

beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

52. Would you rather I ____ it?

It means "Do you want me
a) do
to do it?" or
b) have done
"Would you prefer me to do it?"
c) did
d) will do

53. Jane asked me if I _____ tell
her the truth.

You can use "would"
after "if" - this is not a
conditional
sentence.
a) would
Andb)actually,
you
can
use
will
it c)
in some
conditional
can
sentences,
too
d) may

54. Never ________ such a
beautiful girl.

It's another way of saying
"I have
never
seen
such
a
a) I have seen
beautiful
girl."
b) I saw

c) I did see
d) have I seen

55. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

You can leave out "should"
here; "Tom suggested that
has gone
Marya)should
go to university"
b) isgoes
correct, too.
c) went
d) go

56. Tom suggested that Mary
______ to university.

a)
b)
c)
d)

has gone
goes
went
go

57. Jane suggested ______ to
You mustn't use "to+Infinitive"
the theatre.

after "suggest". A correct
sentence
is
"Jane
suggested
a) go
going
to
the
theatre"
or
b) to go
"Jane
suggested
that
we
c) going
should
go
to
the
theatre."
d) to going

58. I don't like tea, ______.

You mustn't use "too" in a
negative
sentence.
a)
too
"Ib)
don't
like tea, either"
as well
is correct.
c) either
d) also

59. We were ______ tea here.

It means
"We were
a)
have some
planning
have tea here."
b) to to
have
c) had some
d) having any

60. Would you mind ______ me
your name, please?

After MIND, you must
use -ing:
a) telling
"Would
you mind telling me
b) toname,
tell
your
please?"
c) to say
d) saying

61. Bigots ______ opposing
views.

a)
b)
c)
d)

react
reject
like
support

62. If _____ I hadn't spent all my
money, I might have been able
to put more aside in the bank.

a)
b)
c)
d)

really
then
only
before

63. If she _______ about his
financial situation, she would
have helped him out.

a)
b)
c)
d)

had known
knew
have known
know

64. The woman was arrested and
charged ______ murder.

a)
b)
c)
d)

for
because
because of
with

65. At this time tomorrow
I _____ my driving test.

a)
b)
c)
d)

take
will be taking
will take
will be taken

66. _____ my parents are against
it, I will marry my drummer
boyfriend.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Nevertheless
In spite
Although
Despite

67. I am going to take my umbrella
because it _______ rain.

a)
b)
c)
d)

must
might
should
has to

68. I __________ speaking
Spanish at the office.

a)
b)
c)
d)

used to
am used to
use
use to

69. I suggest that he _______ to
the doctor now.

a)
b)
c)
d)

goes
is going
going
go

70. Her research project, _____
was recently published, is
about a new technology.

a)
b)
c)
d)

that
whose
which
in which

71. How many minutes does the
test take? Does it say _____?

a)
b)
c)
d)

how long does it take
how long it take
does it take
how long it takes

72. He _____ hard for the past
year.
a)
b)
c)
d)

will have been studying
has been studying
studied
was studying

73. _____ from them sooner, I
would have been able to take
time off from work when they
were here.

a)
b)
c)
d)

If I would hear
Did I hear
Had I heard
If I heard

74. That research _____
several years ago.

a)
b)
c)
d)

was done
had been done
has done
did

75. He _____ to be back
by now. His class
finished an hour ago.
a)
b)
c)
d)

can't
must not
is supposed
may not

76. Since he _____ the
university, he has been
working in an accounting
company.
a)
b)
c)
d)

left
leaves
had left
has left

77. According to the scientific
method, a scientist must
consider ______ outcome.
a) any outcome and to be a possible
b) any outcome and the possible
c) any outcome a possibility
d) any outcome a possible

78. After her death in 1986
many documentaries
______ Georgia O'Keeffe
were produced.
a)
b)
c)
d)

related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate
relating the life and work of

79. ______ the passage of light,
many new plastics are
processed using technologies
rivaling those used in the
manufacture of computer chips.
a)
b)
c)
d)

To better permit
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for

80. Ayn Rand, ______ novels
deal with the nature of
capitalism in a democracy,
is often taught in introductory
courses in economics.
a)
b)
c)
d)

of many whose
whose many of
whose of many
many of whose

81. In most states a sales tax
ranging from two per cent to
ten per cent ______ on
most purchases of luxury
items.
a)
b)
c)
d)

is levied
are levied
to levy
levying

82. The remarkable progress
made in the efforts to
eradicate polio from the face
of the earth ______ because of
cooperation among various
nations.
a)
b)
c)
d)

largely is possible
being possible largely
been largely possible
has been possible largely

83. Many students have come
to rely ______ the Internet
for information.
a)
b)
c)
d)

at
in
on
by

84 Because the Amazon rain
forest is teeming ______ life,
it is considered to be one of
the most important ecological
environments in the world.
a)
b)
c)
d)

with
of
for
on

85 One criticism of some wellestablished corporations that
continues even today is that
they profited _____ violations
of human rights in the past.
a)
b)
c)
d)

against
in
from
to

86. To qualify ______ the position
of President of the United
States of America, one must
be at least 35 years old.

a)
b)
c)
d)

of
in
to
for

87. Believers in pacifism believe
that there is never a good
reason to resort ______
violence.

a)
b)
c)
d)

to
from
in
on

88. It is difficult to decide ______
a university to apply to
because you cannot really
know the quality until you
attend.
a)
b)
c)
d)

to
for
in
on

89. John Hancock's signature on
the Declaration of
Independence is known for
______.
a)
b)
c)
d)

large size
its large size
being large size
to be large size

90. The Procrastinators Club of
America, founded in 1956,
has ______ some 10,000.
a)
b)
c)
d)

members
a membership of
members of
the membership

91. ______ Einstein was able to
come up with a theory that
has yet to be disproved.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Other scientists
Similar to other scientists
Just as other scientists
To be a scientist

92. Gifted though he was by
remarkable natural musical
talent, ________ to have had
little knack for the necessities
of social life at court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Mozart, who seemed
Mozart seemed
it was Mozart that seeming
Mozart, seeming

93. ______ the hamster’s basic diet
is vegetarian, some hamsters
also eat insects.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Despite
Although
Regardless of
Consequently

94. Is it essential that
we _____ there?

a)
b)
c)
d)

be
are
will be
would be

95. The judge insisted that she
_______ evidence in court.
a)
b)
c)
d)

gives
will give
give
would give

96. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put

97. No sooner _____ the phone
down than it rang again
a)
b)
c)
d)

I had put
did I put
had I put
I put