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Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

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Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
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Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

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Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

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Chapter 3

Cement
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Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
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Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
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Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

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Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

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Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
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Chapter 7

Building Steels

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Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
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Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
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Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 2

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 3

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 4

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 5

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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

workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 6

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 7

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 8

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 9

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 10

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter

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Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
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Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

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Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
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Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 11

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 12

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 13

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 14

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 15

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 16

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 17

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 18

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 19

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
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7
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Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 20

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 21

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 22

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 23

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 24

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 25

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 26

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 27

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 28

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 29

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 30

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 31

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 32

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 33

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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

workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 34

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 35

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 36

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 37

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 38

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 39

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 40

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 41

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 42

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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

workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 43

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 44

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 45

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 46

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
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7
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Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 47

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 48

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 49

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 50

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 51

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 52

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
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Chapter
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1
2
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4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 53

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 54

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 55

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 56

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 57

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 58

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 59

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 60

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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

workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 61

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 62

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 63

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 64

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
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Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 65

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 66

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 67

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 68

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 69

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 70

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 71

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 72

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 73

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 74

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 75

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 76

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 77

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 78

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 79

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 80

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 81

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 82

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
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1
2
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4
5
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7
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9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases






workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases









hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 83

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 84

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END


Slide 85

Civil Engineering Materials

Words and Phases

Catalogue
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Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Basic Properties of Materials
Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials
Cement
Ordinary Concrete
Construction Mortar
Wall Materials
Building Steels
Water Proofing Materials
Bituminous Mixture

Chapter 1
Basic Properties of Materials

Back

Words and Phases
material 材料
density 密度
apparent density 表观密度
bulk density 堆积密度
solidity 密实度
porosity 孔隙率
pore 孔隙
voidage 空隙率
void 空隙
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
strength 强度
elasticity 弹性
plasticity 塑性
brittleness 脆性
toughness 韧性
durability 耐久性
compressive strength 抗压强度
tensile strength 抗拉强度
shearing strength 抗剪强度

Chapter 1

Words and Phases
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
bending strength 抗弯强度
deformation 变形
stole 石材
cement 水泥
concrete 砼
mortar 砂浆
glass 玻璃
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
pottery陶瓷
steel 钢材
wood 木材
wetting angle 润湿角
hydrophilic property亲水性
hydrophobic property憎水性
water-absorbing quality 吸水性
water absorption吸水率
water percentage 含水率
Chapter 1

Words and Phases
specific absorption of quality质量
吸水率
specific absorption of volume体积
吸水率
water percentage of quality质量含
水率
hygroscopic 吸湿性
water resistance 耐水性
saturation 饱和
Back

Back

Chapter 2
Air Hardening Inorganic
Binding Materials

Back

Words and Phases
binding materials胶凝材料
organic materials有机材料
inorganic materials无机材料
air hardening inorganic binding
materials
气硬性无机胶凝材料
hydraulic binding materials
水硬性胶凝材料
gypsum 石膏
lime 石灰
setting 凝结

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
hardening 硬化
slaking 消化
hydration水化
quick lime 生石灰
slaked lime熟石灰
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground quick lime 生石灰粉
ground hydrated lime熟石灰粉
lime paste 石灰膏
asphalt沥青

Chapter 2

Words and Phases
compound material-tackiness agent
合成材料-胶粘剂
admixture 外加剂
fineness 细度
plastering 抹灰
rendering 粉刷
calcium quick lime钙质生石灰
high-magnesium quick lime镁质生石
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
dolomite ground slaked lime 白云石消石
灰粉
over-burnt lime 过火石灰
under-burnt lime 欠火石灰
crystallization 结晶
carbonization 碳化
soundness 体积安定性
water retentivity保水性
shrinkage 收缩
Chapter 2

Words and Phases
lime paste 石灰浆
milk of lime 石灰乳
silicate products硅酸盐制品
carbonated lime board碳化石灰板
lime-sand brick 灰砂砖
active blended materials 活性混合料

Back

Chapter 3

Cement
Back

Words and Phases
Portland cement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)
Ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水
泥
ordinary Portland cement: 普通硅酸盐水泥
furnance-slag cement: 矿渣硅酸盐水泥
Portland Pozzlana cement: 火山灰质硅酸盐
水泥
Portland fly-ash cement: 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥
composite Portland cement: 复合水泥
high-alumina cement: 高铝水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
magnesium-oxy-chloride cement: 氯氧镁
水泥
general cement: 通用水泥
special cement: 专用水泥
characteristic cement: 特性水泥
aluminous cement: 铝酸盐水泥
sulfoaluminate cement: 硫铝酸盐水泥
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
hydraulicity: 水硬性
plasticity: 可塑性
durability: 耐久性
aggregates: 骨料
silicate: 硅酸盐
anti-corrosion: 抗腐蚀
freezing resistance: 抗冻
anchor: 锚固
clay: 粘土
limestone: 石灰石

Chapter 3

Words and Phases
carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳（CO2）
calcium oxide: 氧化钙（CaO）
tricalcium silicate: 硅酸三钙
dicalcium silicate: 硅酸二钙
tricalcium aluminate: 铝酸三钙
tetracalcium aluminoferrite: 铁铝酸四钙
shrinkage: 收缩
calcium hydroxide: 氢氧化钙
calcium silicate hydrate: 水化硅酸钙
sulfate: 硫酸盐
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
masonry: 砌筑
calcium aluminate hydrate: 水化铝酸钙
calcium ferrite hydrate: 水化铁酸钙
ettringite: 水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）
paste: 浆体
initial period: 初始反应期
induction period: 潜伏期
capillaries: 毛细管
fineness: 细度
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
specific surface area: 比表面积
screening method: 筛分析法
negative pressure sieving method: 负压筛法
water pressure sieving method: 水筛法
dry sieving method: 干筛法
normal consistency: 标准稠度
initial Setting: 初凝时间
Chapter 3

Words and Phases
final setting: 终凝时间
soundness: 体积安定性
poor dimensional stability: 体积安定性不良
disassociated: 游离的
bacillus: 杆状菌
Le chatelier soundness test: 雷氏夹法
mortar: 砂浆
compressive strength: 抗压强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
Back

Chapter 4
Ordinary Concrete

Back

Words and Phases
ordinary concrete: 普通混凝土
high strength concrete: 高强混凝土
deposit concrete: 现浇混凝土
precast concrete: 预制混凝土
premixed concrete: 预拌混凝土
plain concrete: 素混凝土
prestressed concrete: 预应力混凝土
reinforced concrete: 钢筋混凝土
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
shotcrete concrete: 喷射混凝土
mass concrete: 大体积混凝土
concrete pumping: 泵送混凝土
plasticity: 塑性
durability: 耐久性
ingredient: 组成材料
aggregate: 骨料
coarse aggregate: 粗骨料
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
impurities: 有害杂质
mica: 云母
silt: 淤泥
organic substance: 有机物
sulphide: 硫化物
sulphate: 硫酸盐
chloride: 氯化物
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
unit screening rate: 分计筛余百分率
accumulated screening rate: 累计筛余百分率
grading region: 级配区
grading curve: 级配曲线
fineness modulus: 细度模数
optimized Sp: 合理砂率
deformation: 变形
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
alkali-aggregate reaction: 碱－骨料反应
potassium: 钾
sodium: 钠
gravel: 碎石
scree: 卵石
insoluble matter: 不溶物

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sequent Gradation: 连续级配
discontinuous Gradation: 间断级配
single Gradation: 单粒级
igneous rock: 火成岩
metamorphic rock: 变质岩
aqueous rock: 水成岩
crushing index: 压碎指标
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
soluble matter: 可溶物
concrete admixture: 混凝土外加剂
rheological behavior: 流变性
water-reducing admixture: 减水剂
air entraining admixture: 引气剂
pumping aid: 泵送剂
set retarder: 缓凝剂

Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hardening accelerating: 早强剂
flash setting admixture: 速凝剂
water-repellent admixture: 防水剂
anti-freezing admixture: 阻锈剂
expanding admixture: 膨胀剂
anti-freezing admixture: 防冻剂
coloring admixture: 着色剂
surfactant: 表面活性剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
hydrophilic group: 亲水基团
hydrophobic group: 憎水基团
flocculation structure: 絮凝结构
Lignin sulfonate water-reducing admixture:
木质素减水剂
large moulding: 大模板
sliding formwork: 滑模施工
Naphthalene sulfonate water-reducing
admixture: 萘系减水剂
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
resinous water-reducing admixtures: 树脂系减水剂
chloride hardening accelerator: 氯盐类早强剂
sulfate hardening accelerator: 硫酸盐类早强剂
organic amine hardening accelerator: 有机胺类早强
剂
rosin soap: 松香皂
rosin pyrolytic polymer: 松香热聚物
molasses: 糖蜜
citric: 柠檬酸
sodium aluminates: 铝酸钠
calcium aluminates: 铝酸钙
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
caulking engineering: 堵漏工程
initial setting time: 初凝时间
final setting time: 终凝时间
impermeability: 抗渗性
mineral admixture: 矿物掺合料
fly ash: 粉煤灰
silica fume: 硅粉
grounded slag: 磨细矿渣
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
sintered clay: 烧粘土
zeolite: 沸石粉
volcanic tuff: 火山凝灰岩
equal replacement: 等量取代法
excess replacement: 超量取代法
adscititious: 外掺法
silica fume: 硅粉
ferrosilicon: 硅铁合金
silicon steel.: 硅钢
Chapter 4

Words and Phases

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workability: 和易性
fresh concrete: 新拌混凝土
mobility: 流动性
viscidity: 粘聚性
water retention: 保水性
workability: 和易性
slump: 坍落度
viscosity: 粘性
segregation：离析
bleeding：泌水
slump: 坍落度
vebe consistometer test: 维勃稠度试验
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
dry shrinkage: 干缩
cold contract: 冷缩
volume decrease: 体积减缩
settlement: 沉缩
lastic shrinkage: 塑性收缩
bleeding path: 泌水通道
one-axis static compression: 单轴静态受压
elastic limit: 比例极限
critic load: 临界荷载
ultimate load: 极限荷载
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
cubic compressive strength: 立方体抗压强度
specimen: 试件
prism compressive strength: 轴心抗压强度
tensile strength: 抗拉强度
bending strength: 抗折强度
velocity mixing: 高速搅拌
ultrasonic vibration: 声波搅拌
high frequency vibration: 高频振幅
multi frequency vibration: 多频振幅
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
extra-coefficient of cement: 水泥富余系数
natural cure: 自然养护
steam cure: 蒸汽养护
autoclaved cure: 蒸压养护
age: 龄期
hoop effect: 环箍效应
anti-permeability: 抗渗性
anti-corrosion: 抗侵蚀性
anti-carbonate: 抗碳化性
Chapter 4

Words and Phases
anti-abrasion: 耐磨损
carbonation: 碳化
mix Proportion Design: 配合比设计
design of preliminary mix: 初步配合比设计
ascertaining the basic mix proportion: 基准本配
合比的确定
laboratory mix Proportion: 实验室配合比
working Mix Proportion: 施工配合比
absolute volume: 绝对体积法
assume an apparent density: 假定表观密度法
Back

Chapter 5

Construction Mortar

Back

Words and Phases
masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆
surface mortar 抹面砂浆
especial mortar特殊砂浆
cement mortar水泥砂浆
lime mortar石灰砂浆
mix mortar混合砂浆
rubble masonry 毛石砌体
brickwork砖砌体
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
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hilly sand 山砂
furnace slag 炉渣
expansion cement膨胀水泥
component adapter构件接头
structure reinforcement结构加固
crackle mending裂纹修补
smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）
fresh mortar 新拌砂浆
hardened mortar 硬化砂浆
workability 和易性
water dosage 用水量
sinking degree沉入量
consistometer of mortar 砂浆稠度仪

Chapter 5

Words and Phases
laminate分层
layering degree 分层度
dense substrate (imhygrophanous beds) 密
实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）
porous substrate (hygrophanous beds) 多孔
基层（吸水基层）
empirical coefficient经验系数
cement mix mortar 水泥混合砂浆
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
Chapter 5

Words and Phases
adhesion stress 粘结力
substrate 基底材料
mix ratio design of mortar 砂浆配合比设计
strength standard deviation 强度标准差
trial strength 试配强度

Back

Chapter 6

Wall Materials

Words and Phases
wall material 墙体材料
roof material屋面材料
wall bricks 砌墙砖
fired brick烧结砖
fired clay brick普通粘土砖
fired porous brick烧结多孔砖
fired hollow brick烧结空心砖
autoclaved brick蒸养（压）砖
wall blocks墙用砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
small-size hollow block小型空心砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
bricks 砖
blocks 砌块
plywood 板材
porous brick多孔砖
hollow brick空心砖
solid brick实心砖
clay brick粘土砖
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash brick粉煤灰砖
coal mine waste brick煤矸石砖
variable coefficient 变形系数
standard deviation 标准差
fly ash waste 粉煤灰渣
small-size block小砌块
medium-size block中砌块
large-size block大砌块
cement concrete block水泥混凝土砌块
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
fly ash concrete block 粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土
砌块
plaster block石膏砌块
porous block多孔砌块
sintered block烧结砌块
fly ash and silicate medium-size block粉煤
灰硅酸盐中型砌块
frost-resistance 抗冻性
Chapter 6

Words and Phases
stonework石砌体
normal concrete hollow block普通混凝土
空心砌块
lightweight aggregate concrete block轻骨
料混凝土砌块
relative water content相对含水率
dry shrinkage干缩率
thermal conductivity导热系数
Back

Chapter 7

Building Steels

Back

Words and Phases
building steels建筑钢材
profile steel (steel section) 型钢
steel angle角钢
steel plates 钢板
steel bar for concrete reinforcement (bar)
钢筋
steel wire钢丝
colored metal有色金属
blackness metal黑色金属
pig iron生铁
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
molten iron 生铁水
smelt 冶炼
oxidation 氧化
reduction 还原
deoxidize 脱氧
cast ingot 铸锭
oxygen converter氧气转炉
even furnace平炉
electric cooker电炉
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
melt molten iron 熔融铁水
carbon steel 碳素钢
alloy steel合金钢
coke 焦炭
iron ore 铁矿石
char 炭
impurities 氧化物
deoxidant 脱氧剂
boiling steel沸腾钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
sedation steel镇静钢
special sedation steel特殊镇静钢
low carbon steel 低碳钢
medium carbon steel中碳钢
carbon steel 碳素钢
high carbon steel高碳钢
low alloy steel低合金钢
medium alloy steel中合金钢
alloy steel 合金钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
high alloy steel高合金钢
deoxidation degree脱氧程度
common steel 普通钢
high quality steel优质钢
advanced high quality steel高级优质钢
structure Steel 结构钢
tool Steel 工具钢
special steel特殊钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
heat-resistant steel耐热钢
wear-resistant steel耐磨钢
tool刀具
steel tool量具
mould模具
impact toughness冲击韧性
fatigue strength疲劳强度
cold bending property冷弯性能
welding property焊接性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
yield stress屈服强度
tensile strength抗拉强度
elongation伸长率
flexibility phase弹性阶段
yield phase屈服阶段
aggrandizement phase强化阶段
shrunken phase颈缩阶段
yield point屈服点
yield tensile ratio屈强比
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cross-section 断面
rupture断裂
cold working冷加工
cold drawing冷拉
cold drawn冷拔
rigidity硬度
aging时效
aging sensitivity时效敏感性
strengthen强化
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
crystal晶体
crystal lattice晶格
aberration畸变
crystal grains晶粒
slid 滑移
steel bar for reinforced concrete钢筋
carbon structural steel碳素结构钢
codenames 牌号
mechanical property力学性能
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
technical property技术标准
impact-resistance抗冲击性能
low-alloy and high-tensile steel低合金高
强度结构钢
abrasive resistance耐磨性
corrosion resistance耐蚀性
low temperature resistance耐低温性
hot-roll steel热轧钢筋
cold rolled twisted steel冷拔低碳钢丝
Chapter 7

Words and Phases
cold-drawing steel 冷拉钢丝
prestressing strand 钢绞线
ingot 钢锭
steel wire and strand of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线
heat treatment steel of prestressed
concrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋
cold rolled ribbed steel wires and bars冷
轧带肋钢丝、钢筋
Back

Chapter 8
Water Proofing Materials

Back

Words and Phases
water proofing material防水材料
petroleum asphalt石油沥青
waterproof sheet 防水卷材
high polymer modified bituminous sheet
material高聚物改性沥青防水卷材
SBS modified bituminous sheet material
SBS改性沥青防水材料
elastomer bituminous sheet material
弹性体沥青防水卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
APP modified bituminous sheet material
APP改性沥青防水卷材
plastomer bituminous sheet material
塑性体沥青防水卷材
synthetic polymer water proof sheet
合成高分子防水卷材
waterproof conformation 防水构造
rigidity waterproof刚性防水
soft waterproof柔性防水
waterproof concrete 防水混凝土

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
waterproof sheet防水卷材
waterproof coating防水涂料
joint material嵌缝材料
asphalt base water proofing material
沥青基防水材料
high polymer modified asphalt
高聚物改性沥青
synthetic polymer water proofing material
合成高分子防水材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
modified asphalt改性沥青
coal tar煤焦油
resin 树脂
rubber橡胶
synthetic polymer material
合成高分子材料
polymer高聚物
distillation蒸馏
crude oil 石油原油

Chapter 8

Words and Phases
building petroleum asphalt建筑石油沥青
pavement petroleum asphalt道路石油沥青
ordinary petroleum asphalt普通石油沥青
oil component 油分
asphaltene 沥青质
viscosity粘度
adhesive ability粘结性
temperature stability温度稳定性
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
paraffin
soften point软化点
penetration degree针入度
colloid structure 胶体结构
sol type溶胶型
sol-gel type溶凝型
gel type凝胶型
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
micelle胶团
hydrophobic material憎水性材料
adhesive force附着力
relative viscosity 相对粘度
solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt
固体或半固体石油沥青
liquid petroleum asphalt液体石油沥青
normal viscosity标准粘度
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
penetrometer针入度仪
ductility延度
standard viscidity标准粘度
normal viscidity instrument标准粘度计
ring and ball softening point instrument
环球法软化点仪
distortion变形
glycerine甘油
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
atmosphere stability大气稳定性（耐久性）
evaporation蒸发
oven烘箱
solubility溶解度
cohesion粘性
bituminous waterproof sheet material沥青
防水卷材
synthetic high polymer sheet
合成高分子卷材
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
flexibility柔韧性
mechanical strength机械强度
breaking ability抗断裂性
flexible sheet waterproof material
可卷曲片状防水材料
modified bituminous改性沥青
support胎体
surface material覆面材料
Chapter 8

Words and Phases
fabric 纤 维 织 物 Words and Phases of
Chapter Eight
felt 纤维毡
polyethylene membrane 聚乙烯膜
fiberglass玻璃纤维
polyester felt聚酯毡
impermeability不透水性
heat resistance ability耐热度
elasticity柔度thermalplastic 热塑料
water impermeability 不透水性

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Bituminous Mixture
Back

Words and Phases
bituminous mixture: 沥青混合料
mineral aggregate: 矿质集料
mineral mixture: 矿质混合物
petroleum asphalt admixture material:
石油沥青混合料
coal asphalt admixture material:
煤沥青混合料
hot-mixed and hot-spread: 热拌热铺
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
hot-mixed and cool-spread: 热拌冷铺
cool-mixed and cool-spread: 冷拌冷铺
hypothermia flexibility: 低温柔性
surface theory: 表面理论
adhesive cement theory: 胶浆理论
dense-suspended type: 密实悬浮型
framework-interstice type: 骨架空隙型
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
dense-framework type: 密实骨架型
continuity dense grading: 连续型密级配
continuity open-graded: 连续型开级配
discontinuity dense grading: 间断型密级配
coulomb theory: 库仑理论
shear resistance: 抗剪强度
triaxial shear test: 三轴剪切实验
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
shear normal pressure stress:
剪切法向压应力
angle of internal friction: 内摩擦角
Limestone: 石灰石质
quartz stone: 石英石质
high temperature stability: 高温稳定性
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
stability: 稳定度
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
wheel rut test: 轮辙试验
low temperature crack resistance:
低温抗裂性
stress: 应力
strain: 应变
limiting deformation: 极限变形
stiffness modulus: 劲度模量
the index of temperature shrinkage:
温度收缩系数

Chapter 9

Words and Phases
the breakage temperature: 断裂温度
accelerated weathering test: 加速老化试验
marshall test: 马歇尔试验
porosity: 孔隙率
saturation degree: 饱和度
residual stability: 残留稳定度
skid resistance: 抗滑性
anti-friction stone耐磨石料
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
heavy pavement petroleum asphalt: 交通道
路石油沥青
medium, light pavement petroleum asphalt:
中、轻交通道路石油沥青
penetration degree: 针入度
prolongation: 延度
softening point: 软化点
flashing point: 闪点
Chapter 9

Words and Phases
flow value: 流值
VB stability test: 维姆稳定度法
film oven heating test: 薄膜烘箱加热试验
hydrostatic balance: 静水天平
number solutions: 数解法
diagrammatic method: 图解法

THE END