Production Materials & Tools Learning Standards 1. Materials, Tools & Machines Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve problems, invent, and construct 1.1 Given a design.

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Transcript Production Materials & Tools Learning Standards 1. Materials, Tools & Machines Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve problems, invent, and construct 1.1 Given a design.

Slide 1

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 2

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 3

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 4

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 5

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 6

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 7

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 8

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 9

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 10

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 11

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 12

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 13

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 14

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 15

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 16

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 17

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 18

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 19

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 20

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 21

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 22

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 23

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 24

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 25

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 26

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 27

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION


Slide 28

Production Materials
&
Tools

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.1
Given a design task, identify appropriate materials (e.g., wood,
paper, plastic, aggregates, ceramics, metals, solvents, adhesives)
based on specific properties and characteristics (e.g., strength,
hardness and flexibility).

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) Define Production Materials
2) How do you choose the correct material when making a product
3) Compare & contrast Organic & Inorganic Materials
4) Compare & contrast Renewable & Non Renewable Materials
5) Define Mechanical Properties
6) List & describe 8 types of Production Materials (Wood, Plastic, Metal,
Composite, Paper, Ceramic, Solvent, Adhesive)

Production Materials
Materials that are used to make products

When choosing a material to make
a product you must be sure that
the material has the correct PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
Property/Characteristic:

a distinctive or distinguishing feature or quality
Is the material:

- soft or hard
- flexible or non-flexible
- clear or hard to see through
- does it conduct electricity

Organic Material
Natural material that comes from
something that is or was once alive
Wood

Cotton

Inorganic Material
Natural material that comes from
minerals that were never alive
Metal

Water

Stone

Ceramics

Renewable Material
Can be grown to be replaced

Wood

Nonrenewable Material
In limited supply and when they are used
up there is no way to get anymore

Crude Oil

Mechanical Properties
How a material reacts when
a force is applied to it
Strength: Ability to withstand forces of tension &
compression

Elasticity: Ability to stretch out of shape & return
to the original shape
Hardness: Ability to withstand scratches, dents &
cuts
Fatigue:

Ability to withstand bending & flexing

Wood
Wood is an organic & renewable material
Wood can be used to make Furniture, Fuel & Paper

Wood can be classified as
Hardwood
Comes from trees that
lose their leaves during
cold or dry seasons

Maple

Oak

Softwood
Comes from trees that
produce cones and keep
their leaves all year long

Pine

Paper
Created by combining and bonding fibers
Most common source of these fibers is wood pulp

Paper is an organic & renewable material
Common uses
of paper
Communication
Writing & Printing

Packaging
Boxes, bags, envelopes

Entertainment
Books, magazines, art, newspapers

Metal

Metal is an inorganic & nonrenewable material
Mined from natural rock deposits
Metal can be
processed into many
different shapes
Alloys: Created by combining two or more metals
Steel (Iron & Carbon) and Bronze (Copper & Tin) are alloys

Ceramics
Made from inorganic, mostly nonmetallic minerals (clay, sand or
quartz)
High temperatures are used to fuse these minerals into
products
Most ceramics are thermosetting - once they are heated &
formed they can never be softened again

The ceramic that is not thermosetting and can be recycled is:

Ceramics
Products made from ceramics

Bricks

Dinnerware
Bathroom
Fixtures

Space Shuttle Tiles

Pottery

Plastic
Plastic is a Synthetic Material: Man made - Not found in nature
Most plastics are made from petroleum
Plastic is formed into products using heat & pressure
Plastics can be classified as

Thermoplastic

Thermosetting
Plastic

When no longer needed
the parts can be melted
and formed into
new products

Can only be heated and
formed into a
product once

Can be recycled

Cannot be recycled

Adhesives
Material that chemically attaches two or more
surfaces together
Commonly Used Adhesives:
White Glue: Elmer’s Glue

Hot Melt Adhesive: Hot Glue Gun

Cyanoacrylate: Super Glue
Epoxy: Strong glue – bonded by mixing
resin & hardener

Composites
Material created by combining two or more materials
This new material that is better than the original materials are
on their own
Some composites are made by
bonding with an adhesive the
following:
- wood or wood fibers
- glass carbon or fiberglass
- Kevlar
- metal

Concrete: Composite made by mixing sand, gravel & cement

Composites
Composites have become a popular material for sports equipment
because they are lightweight & durable

Solvents
Substances that can dissolve or disperse one or more other
substances
Used in products such as paints, adhesives, cleaning
products, dyes & inks
The most common solvent in
every day life is… Water

Use With Caution!!!
Many solvents are flammable
Many solvents can be very harmful to your health if they are:
- ingested
- inhaled
- contact your skin
Some solvents can also be very harmful to the
environment if they are allowed to spill into the soil

Learning Standards
1. Materials, Tools & Machines

Appropriate materials, tools and machines enable us to solve
problems, invent, and construct
1.2
Identify and explain appropriate measuring tools, hand tools, and
power tools to hold, lift, carry, fasten, and separate, and explain
their safe and proper use.
1.3
Identify and explain the safe an proper use of measuring tools,
hand tools, and machines (e.g., band saw, drill press, sander,
hammer, screwdriver, pliers, tape measure, screws, nails, and
other mechanical fasteners) needed to construct a prototype of an
engineering design.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of the lesson students will be able to:
1) List & describe 3 types of tools (Hand Tools, Power Tools & Measuring
Tools)
2) Understand the importance of the safe use of tools

Tools
Instruments that increase
ability to do work

Hand Tools
Tools powered by human muscle
Hammers

Brace & Bits

Saws

Pliers

Tin Snips Screwdrivers

Utility Knife

Wrenches

Power Tools
Tools with a power system
Power Drill

Power Nailer

Circular Saw

Table Saw

Sander

Band Saw

Drill Press

Measuring Tools
Used to identify size, shape, weight, distance,
density or volume
Tape Measure

Carpenter’s
Level

Protractor

Combination
Square

Calipers

Ruler

Triple Beam
Balance

Tool Safety Rules
Clothing
 Eye protection
 Ear protection

 Hard Hat
 Dust Mask

 Steel-toed boots
 Work gloves
 Heat resistant gloves when working with hot materials
 Do not wear clothing that may get caught in spinning
equipment - Roll up sleeves
 Tie long hair back
Pay Attention to Surroundings
 Keep fingers away from moving parts of machinery
 Never leave a running machine unattended
 Make sure the area is clear before you start a machine
 Concentrate on task when using equipment

Tool Safety Rules
Know What You Are Doing
 Only use tools that you have been instructed how to use
properly
 Do not use tools to perform a job that it was not intended for
 Always cut away from yourself
 Do not work alone
 Do not use broken tools or equipment
 Do not use dull tools

 Observe and follow safety signs and warnings
RED

DANGER

YELLOW

CAUTION