Slide 1

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 2

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 3

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 4

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 5

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 6

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 7

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?


Slide 8

CHAPTER 19
The Persian Gulf and
Interior

Section 1: Natural Environments
Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:
What factors influence the
climate of Southwest Asia?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments
Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate

High Pressure
• dry climates
• lack of water
• clear skies
• plants adapted to
dry conditions

Orographic Effect
• humidity at
mountain peaks
• rainfall on
mountains
• trees in mountain
regions

Winds
• westerlies
• bring winter rains
• cyclonic storms

Elevation
• cooler temperatures
in highlands
• resorts in mountains
• skiing in Iran

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:
How have various peoples
and empires affected the
history and culture of
countries in Southwest Asia?

SECTION 2

History and Culture
Arabs

Persians

• largest ethnic group in
entire region
• Arabic language
dominant
• Islam

• Farsi language
• dominant Iranian
society, hold most
important positions

Cultures of
Southwest Asia
Kurds
• Muslim
• in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
• desire self-rule
• language related to Farsi

Pashtun
• largest ethnic group in
Afghanistan
• speak Pashtu language
• several small tribes

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:
What activities drive the
economy of the region?

SECTION 3

The Region Today
Oil
Production
• 8.25 million
barrels a day
• economies
modernized
by oil wealth
•oil-related
manufacturing

Agriculture
• mostly
subsistence
• barley, wheat
grown
• livestock–
sheep, goats,
cattle
• farms in river
valleys
• commercial
farming near
cities; citrus
fruits, dates,
grapes, olives
with irrigation
• import food

Nomadic
herding
• tend herds of
camels, goats
and sheep
• make
handicrafts
• increased
settling in
towns due to
lack of grazing
land

Traditional
crafts
• wool rugs
• use local
materials and
traditional
designs

Manufacturing
• building
materials
• food products
• oil refining,
chemical
manufacturing
• household
supplies

CHAPTER 19

Chapter Wrap-Up
1. In what ways has the plant life of the region
adapted to the conditions there?
2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive
target for invasion throughout history?
3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia?
4. How changes are taking place in the traditional
rural economy and culture of the region?
5. What are two important factors accounting for
Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?