10.1 Aquatic Biomes 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes 10.3Flowing-Water Ecosystems Chapter 10: Freshwater Biomes Written and Published by J.
Download ReportTranscript 10.1 Aquatic Biomes 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes 10.3Flowing-Water Ecosystems Chapter 10: Freshwater Biomes Written and Published by J.
Slide 1
10.1 Aquatic Biomes
10.2 Standing-Water
Biomes
10.3Flowing-Water
Ecosystems
Chapter 10:
Freshwater Biomes
Written and Published by J. Mazza, K. Rippy,
J. Tyburski, J. Camerota, and M. Gioiosi
Slide 2
10.1 Aquatic Biomes
PPT=Parts Per
Thousand
● Two important factors for aquatic biomes are; The amount of dissolved
salts and and the depth of the water.
● Aquatic biomes can be divided into two groups: Freshwater and Saltwater.
● An aquatic biome is one where organisms live in or around water.
Slide 3
Salinity
● Salinity is the amount of dissolved salts in a sample of
water.
● Salinity of the Ocean is 30ppt; Freshwater 0.5ppt
● It is measured in parts per thousand
● Brackish water- more saline than fresh water, but less
than ocean water.
Slide 4
What is a freshwater biome?
● made up of any body of water that is made of freshwater (lakes, ponds,
streams, and rivers.) They cover roughly 20% of the Earth
● Must have a salinity of less than 1%
● Exceptions= Great Salt Lake in Utah and Mono Lake in California. They
are Hypersaline lakes.
Slide 5
10.1 Water Depth
Aphotic from the Greek a,”without,” and phos, “light”
● Amount of sun that reaches the bottom determines what kinds of
plants will form the bottom of the food web.
● From top to bottom the zones are as follows: Top(Photic) Zone,
Middle (Aphotic)Zone, Bottom (Benthic) Zone.
Slide 6
Water Depth
● Benthic zone is the zone that is most affected and has the most
biodiversity depending on the depth and amount of sunlight. The floor of
the body of water
● The usual Photic zone depth is about 100 meters deep.The top layer of
water where photosynthesis can occur
Slide 7
10.2 Standing-Water Ecosystems
Freshwater Biomes can be
divided into two different types:
Standing Water Ecosystem:
ex. Lakes and ponds
Flowing Water Ecosystem:
ex. Wetlands such as bogs,
prairie potholes, swamps, and
freshwater marshes
Freshwater Angel Fish (wikipedia.org)
Slide 8
Standing Water Organisms
The top level of standing water
ecosystems supports the
plankton community.
Plankton is a general term for
microorganisms that are the
size of dust particles.
Two main types of plankton:
Phytoplankton-plankton that carry
out photosynthesis.
Zooplankton-plankton that does
not carry out photosynthesis
Slide 9
Wetlands
Wetlands - ecosystem in which
the roots of plants are
submerged under water at
least part of the year. ex.
Marshes, Swamps, Bogs
Wetlands tends to be standing
water.
Wetlands act as filters.
Slide 10
Wetlands Cont.
Wetlands are being
destroyed all over
because of human
activity. The Swamp
Lands Act passed by
congress in 1849
encourages people to fill
and drain wetlands.
Slide 11
The Florida Everglades The history of the Florida
Everglades shows how difficult it is to maintain a Wetland.
Once 160 km of swamp.
To create farmland, water from Lake
Okeechobee was channeled. This created a
maze of canals.
To save the wetland, Everglades National
Park Was established in 1947. Because of
human impacts, many animals were driven
from their homes and humans ended up
hurting them. In 1983, “Save our Everglades”
campaign created 100,000 acres of restored
wetland.
Slide 12
10.3 Flowing-Water Ecosystems
All aboveground bodies of flowing
fresh water are called streams.
Fresh water can also flow
underground through aquifers. In
some cases aquifers provide a
habitat for organisms.
Slide 13
Stream Organisms
● Organisms that live in flowing-water
habitats are adapted to the rate of the
waters movement.
●
Some organisms have hooks
that enable them to grab a hold
of plants, others have suckers
that anchor them to rocks. Ex.
insects and other fish
Slide 14
Streamflow
● Most streams begin at a high altitude and gravity causes them to flow
downhill and usually towards the ocean. This is because inland areas
usually have higher altitudes than coastal areas.
● The place where the stream begins is the source, or head, of the stream.
Water near that source is called the headwater. Headwaters that are
present in mountains are often cold and contain large amounts of
dissolved oxygen that can support a variety of organisms. These
headwaters tend to flow too rapidly for most organisms to live in them.
Slide 15
Streamflow
● As the flow of the water slows, small particles of sand and organic
material(or sediments) that were carried by the flowing water begins to
settle. The sediments that accumulate provide a place for plant roots to
grow.
● The processes of sedimentation and erosion cause the course of the
stream to change naturally over time.
● Human activities have a dramatic effect in changing the flow of streams.
Change in the flow can cause damages or even destroy the habitats of
other organisms.
10.1 Aquatic Biomes
10.2 Standing-Water
Biomes
10.3Flowing-Water
Ecosystems
Chapter 10:
Freshwater Biomes
Written and Published by J. Mazza, K. Rippy,
J. Tyburski, J. Camerota, and M. Gioiosi
Slide 2
10.1 Aquatic Biomes
PPT=Parts Per
Thousand
● Two important factors for aquatic biomes are; The amount of dissolved
salts and and the depth of the water.
● Aquatic biomes can be divided into two groups: Freshwater and Saltwater.
● An aquatic biome is one where organisms live in or around water.
Slide 3
Salinity
● Salinity is the amount of dissolved salts in a sample of
water.
● Salinity of the Ocean is 30ppt; Freshwater 0.5ppt
● It is measured in parts per thousand
● Brackish water- more saline than fresh water, but less
than ocean water.
Slide 4
What is a freshwater biome?
● made up of any body of water that is made of freshwater (lakes, ponds,
streams, and rivers.) They cover roughly 20% of the Earth
● Must have a salinity of less than 1%
● Exceptions= Great Salt Lake in Utah and Mono Lake in California. They
are Hypersaline lakes.
Slide 5
10.1 Water Depth
Aphotic from the Greek a,”without,” and phos, “light”
● Amount of sun that reaches the bottom determines what kinds of
plants will form the bottom of the food web.
● From top to bottom the zones are as follows: Top(Photic) Zone,
Middle (Aphotic)Zone, Bottom (Benthic) Zone.
Slide 6
Water Depth
● Benthic zone is the zone that is most affected and has the most
biodiversity depending on the depth and amount of sunlight. The floor of
the body of water
● The usual Photic zone depth is about 100 meters deep.The top layer of
water where photosynthesis can occur
Slide 7
10.2 Standing-Water Ecosystems
Freshwater Biomes can be
divided into two different types:
Standing Water Ecosystem:
ex. Lakes and ponds
Flowing Water Ecosystem:
ex. Wetlands such as bogs,
prairie potholes, swamps, and
freshwater marshes
Freshwater Angel Fish (wikipedia.org)
Slide 8
Standing Water Organisms
The top level of standing water
ecosystems supports the
plankton community.
Plankton is a general term for
microorganisms that are the
size of dust particles.
Two main types of plankton:
Phytoplankton-plankton that carry
out photosynthesis.
Zooplankton-plankton that does
not carry out photosynthesis
Slide 9
Wetlands
Wetlands - ecosystem in which
the roots of plants are
submerged under water at
least part of the year. ex.
Marshes, Swamps, Bogs
Wetlands tends to be standing
water.
Wetlands act as filters.
Slide 10
Wetlands Cont.
Wetlands are being
destroyed all over
because of human
activity. The Swamp
Lands Act passed by
congress in 1849
encourages people to fill
and drain wetlands.
Slide 11
The Florida Everglades The history of the Florida
Everglades shows how difficult it is to maintain a Wetland.
Once 160 km of swamp.
To create farmland, water from Lake
Okeechobee was channeled. This created a
maze of canals.
To save the wetland, Everglades National
Park Was established in 1947. Because of
human impacts, many animals were driven
from their homes and humans ended up
hurting them. In 1983, “Save our Everglades”
campaign created 100,000 acres of restored
wetland.
Slide 12
10.3 Flowing-Water Ecosystems
All aboveground bodies of flowing
fresh water are called streams.
Fresh water can also flow
underground through aquifers. In
some cases aquifers provide a
habitat for organisms.
Slide 13
Stream Organisms
● Organisms that live in flowing-water
habitats are adapted to the rate of the
waters movement.
●
Some organisms have hooks
that enable them to grab a hold
of plants, others have suckers
that anchor them to rocks. Ex.
insects and other fish
Slide 14
Streamflow
● Most streams begin at a high altitude and gravity causes them to flow
downhill and usually towards the ocean. This is because inland areas
usually have higher altitudes than coastal areas.
● The place where the stream begins is the source, or head, of the stream.
Water near that source is called the headwater. Headwaters that are
present in mountains are often cold and contain large amounts of
dissolved oxygen that can support a variety of organisms. These
headwaters tend to flow too rapidly for most organisms to live in them.
Slide 15
Streamflow
● As the flow of the water slows, small particles of sand and organic
material(or sediments) that were carried by the flowing water begins to
settle. The sediments that accumulate provide a place for plant roots to
grow.
● The processes of sedimentation and erosion cause the course of the
stream to change naturally over time.
● Human activities have a dramatic effect in changing the flow of streams.
Change in the flow can cause damages or even destroy the habitats of
other organisms.